布什政府与里斯特政府养老金改革比较:新制度经济学视角  

Comparative Analysis of Pension Reform between the Bush Administration and Riester Government:A New Institutional Economics Perspective

作　　者：张峰 徐波霞 Zhang Feng;Xu Boxia

机构地区：[1]中国财政科学研究院 [2]中南财经政法大学经济学院

出　　处：《财政科学》2024年第9期111-124,共14页Fiscal Science

摘　　要：在全球老龄化浪潮的推动下,养老金制度改革已成为各国政府亟待解决的关键问题。本文采用新制度经济学的视角,深入分析并比较了美国布什政府和德国里斯特政府在养老金改革中的背景、策略抉择及其成效,探讨两者的优势与局限性。布什政府的改革以个人积累为基础,强调市场机制的作用;里斯特政府则侧重于强化公共养老金制度,力求在国家责任与个人权利之间实现平衡。通过对这两个代表性发达国家在养老金制度改革中所采取的不同路径的比较,本文揭示出在不同政治和经济背景下,养老金制度改革的复杂性,以及制度变迁的内在逻辑与动态机制。研究成果有助于揭示制度变迁的普遍规律,并且能够为中国在应对老龄化浪潮时,构建稳定、高效、可持续的养老金体系提供有益参考。Driven by the global wave of aging populations,pension system reform has become a pressing issue for governments worldwide.This paper employs the perspective of new institutional economics to deeply analyze and compare the backgrounds,strategic choices,and outcomes of pension reforms under the Bush administra-tion in the United States and the Riester government in Germany.The study explores both the strengths and limitations of these reforms.The Bush administration's approach was based on individual accumulation,empha-sizing the role of market mechanisms.In contrast,the Riester government's strategy focused on strengthening the public pension system,striving to balance state responsibility with individual rights.By comparing the different paths taken by these two representative developed countries in pension system reform,this paper reveals the complexity of pension reform within diverse political and economic contexts,as well as the inherent logic and dynamic mechanisms of institutional change.The research findings contribute to uncovering the universal laws of institutional change and provide valuable insights for China in building a stable,efficient,and sustainable pension system to tackle the challenges of an aging population.

关 键 词：养老金制度 布什政府 里斯特政府 新制度经济学 

分 类 号：F817[经济管理—财政学]