黄河流域多沙粗沙区典型植被生态耗水规律及承载力研究进展  

Progress in Research on the Ecological Water Consumption Patterns and Carrying Capacity of Typical Vegetation in Sandy and Coarse Sandy Areas of the Yellow River Basin

作　　者：张雨佳 杨振奇 李龙 包雪源 李云 冯瑞 田小强 张德全 吉腾飞 ZHANG Yujia;YANG Zhenqi;LI Long;BAO Xueyuan;LI Yun;FENG Rui;TIAN Xiaoqiang;ZHANG Dequan;JI Tengfei(College of Desert Control Science and Engineering,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,Inner Mongolia,China;Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Ministry of Water Resources,Hohhot 010020,Inner Mongolia,China;Inner Mongolia Forestry and Grassland Work Station,Hohhot 010020,Inner Mongolia,China;Ordos Water Conservancy Bureau,Ordos 017200,Inner Mongolia,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学沙漠治理学院,呼和浩特010018 [2]水利部牧区水利科学研究所,呼和浩特010020 [3]内蒙古自治区林业和草原工作总站,呼和浩特010020 [4]鄂尔多斯市水利局,内蒙古鄂尔多斯017200

出　　处：《内蒙古林业调查设计》2024年第5期6-9,50,共5页Inner Mongolia Forestry Investigation and Design

基　　金：鄂尔多斯市水利科技项目重点水土流失区生态系统(西黑岱流域)水土保持综合整治技术集成效益评估项目(西黑岱MK2220531);鄂尔多斯市水利科技项目“水土保持对十大孔兑河流健康影响”(十大孔兑MK3230527);内蒙古自治区“科技兴蒙”行动重点专项(2022EEDSKJXM003)。

摘　　要：黄河是我国重要的生态安全屏障,黄河流域难以治理的主要原因是水沙不平衡,其变化主要与上中游水土流失问题有关,尤其是多沙粗沙区。自20世纪90年代实施退耕还林还草等一系列重大措施以来,该区域的治理效果显著,植被覆盖度明显增加,生态环境逐渐好转,但水土流失局势依旧严峻,生态环境依旧脆弱。在治理过程中对植被和水分之间的关系考虑不够充分,部分地区出现比例失衡和造林密度过大等问题,人工林群落开始出现衰退、深层土壤干化等现象。文章结合前人研究和作者的科研经验,对多沙粗沙区的典型植被耗水特征和植被格局进行梳理,阐述了目前多沙粗沙区存在的问题,为今后研究方向和方法提供理论依据。The Yellow River serves as a vital ecological security barrier in China.The primary reason for the difficulty in managing the Yellow River Basin is the imbalance of water and sediment,which is mainly related to soil erosion issues in the upper and middle reaches,particularly in areas with a high content of sand and coarse sand.Since the implementation of significant measures such as converting farmland back to forests and grasslands in the 1990s,the management effects in these areas have been remarkable,with a noticeable increase in vegetation coverage and gradual improvement in the ecological environment.However,the situation of soil erosion remains severe, and the ecological environment remains fragile. During the managementprocess, the relationship between vegetation and water has not been fully considered, leading toissues such as imbalanced proportions and excessive afforestation density in some areas. Artificialforest communities have begun to show signs of decline and deep soil drying. This paper,combining previous research and the authors' scientific experience, reviews the water consumptioncharacteristics and vegetation patterns of typical vegetation in sandy and coarse sandy areas,discusses the current problems in these areas, and provides a theoretical basis for future researchdirections and methods.

关 键 词：多沙粗沙区 植被生态耗水 承载力 水土流失 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]