预处理-反浮选法制备光卤石精矿研究  

Research on preparation of carnallite concentrate by pretreatment combined with reverse flotation

作　　者：丁晓姜 吴艳妮[1] 李博昀[1] 黄友良[1] DING Xiaojiang;WU Yanni;LI Boyun;HUANG Youliang(Geology Institute of China Chemical Geology and Mine Bureau,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]中化地质矿山总局地质研究院,北京100101

出　　处：《无机盐工业》2024年第12期113-119,共7页Inorganic Chemicals Industry

基　　金：青海省科技计划项目(No.2021-ZJ-773)。

摘　　要：降低杂质含量、提高光卤石矿质量是获得高品质KCl产品的根本保证。为了有效降低杂质含量、提高光卤石矿质量,以察尔汗盐湖产出的光卤石矿为原料,采用预处理-反浮选联合法进行脱除杂质试验研究。其中预处理针对粒径≥1.25 mm的粗颗粒原矿进行适当碾磨,使之粒径<1.25 mm;再针对粒径<1.25 mm的原矿脱除粒径<0.074 mm细粒级;将碾磨后粒径<1.25 mm的原矿与粒径为0.074~<1.25 mm的原矿合并作为反浮选给矿;反浮选采用一次粗选、一次扫选,粗选精矿与扫选精矿合并流程,得到的光卤石精矿K~+品位为13.01%,回收率为98.24%,含Na~+质量分数为1.45%,Ca^(2+)质量分数为0.092%。结果表明,直接反浮选法难以有效脱除钙杂质,使精矿Ca^(2+)质量分数降至0.12%以下,并且浮选过程中容易受到粗颗粒的影响,降低精矿品质及钾回收率;相比直接反浮选法,预处理-反浮选联合法中钠杂质和钙杂质的脱除率分别提高了4.98%和28.08%,得到的精矿Na~+、Ca^(2+)含量均较低,尤其是Ca^(2+)质量分数能够降低至0.12%以下,精矿质量能够达到高品质光卤石精矿要求,为后续生产高品质KCl产品提供原料保障。Improving carnallite quality by reducing impurity content is the fundamental guarantee to obtain high quality KCl products.In order to reduce the content of impurities and improve the quality of carnallite effectively,taking carnallite from Chaerhan Salt Lake as raw material,the impurity removal tests were carried out by using the combined process of pretreatment and reverse flotation.Pretreatment included proper grinding of the coarse particles≥1.25 mm was used to make its size less than 1.25 mm and removal of the fine particles<0.074 mm from was conducted the raw ore<1.25 mm.The particles size of less than 1.25 mm after grinding were combined with the particles size of 0.074 mm to less than 1.25 mm as reverse flotation feed.The process of reverse flotation was one-stage roughing and one-stage sweeping,the roughing concentrate was combined with the sweeping concentrate.The K+grade of getting carnallite concentrate was 13.01%,the recovery was 98.24%,the content of w(Na^(+))was 1.45%,w(Ca^(2+))was 0.092%.The results showed that the direct reverse flotation was difficult to remove calcium impurities effectively,reducing the Ca^(2+)content of the concentrate to below 0.12%,and was easily affected by coarse particles during the flotation process,reducing the quality of the concentrate and potassium recovery rate.Compared with the reverse flotation,using the pretreatment combined with reverse flotation,the removal rate of sodium and calcium impurities was increased by 4.98%and 28.08%,respectively.The Na^(+)and Ca^(2+)contents of the concentrate were lower,especially the Ca^(2+)content could be reduced to less than 0.12%,the concentrate quality could meet the requirements of high quality carnallite.It could provide material guarantee for the followup production of high quality KCl products.

关 键 词：光卤石 浮选 氯化钾 氯化钠 硫酸钙/石膏 预处理 

分 类 号：TQ131.13[化学工程—无机化工]