纳米二氧化硅三相A类抑燃泡沫的稳定性及阻燃效能研究  

Study on stability and flame retardant performance of nano-silica three-phase Class A flame-retardant foam

作　　者：陈有成 代张音[1] 江泽标[1] 黄淙葆 钟曼尹 CHEN Youcheng;DAI Zhangyin;JIANG Zebiao;HUANG Congbao;ZHONG Manyin(Mining College,Guizhou University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学矿业学院,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《河北工业科技》2024年第6期461-469,共9页Hebei Journal of Industrial Science and Technology

基　　金：贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑[2022]一般250);贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑[2021]一般520)。

摘　　要：为了使A类泡沫灭火剂在临界胶束浓度(critical micelle concentration,CMC)下具有更强的稳定性,以表现出更好的防灭火性能,将纳米二氧化硅与A类泡沫灭火剂相结合,研制了三相A类抑燃泡沫。利用析液体积与析液速率检测三相A类抑燃泡沫的稳定性,并将三相A类抑燃泡沫作用于木条以测试其阻燃效能。结果表明:三相A类抑燃泡沫的析液体积受纳米颗粒质量分数的影响;浸有三相A类抑燃泡沫的木条的平均质量损失率均低于浸水木条和浸A类灭火泡沫木条;尽管质量分数为2.0%的三相A类抑燃泡沫试验组木条的平均质量损失率略高于质量分数为2.5%的试验组木条,但其展现出更强的阻燃效能稳定性;浸有三相A类抑燃泡沫的木条的“红炭现象”较少且火焰轻微,能有效减少木条燃烧后的碳质残余物。加入亲水型气相纳米二氧化硅的三相A类抑燃泡沫比A类灭火泡沫,具有更显著的稳定性能和阻燃效能,研究成果可为森林火灾高效防护泡沫的研发提供科学依据。In order to make Class A foam fire extinguishing agent have stronger stability at critical micelle concentration(CMC)and show better fire prevention and extinguishing performance,a three-phase Class A flame-retardant foam was developed by combining nano-silica with Class A foam fire extinguishing agent.The stability of three-phase Class A flame-retardant foam was tested by the volume and rate of liquid separation,and the flame-retardant efficiency of the three-phase Class A flame-retardant foam was tested by acting on wood strips.The results show that the liquid separation volume of three-phase Class A flame-retardant foam is affected by the mass fraction of nanoparticles.The average mass loss rate of wood strips soaked with three-phase Class A fire flame-retardant foam is lower than that of soaked wood strips and soaked wood strips with Class A fire flame-retardant foam.Although the average mass loss rate of 2.0%three-phase Class A flame-retardant foam experimental group is slightly higher than that of 2.5%experimental group,2.0%three-phase Class A flame-retardant foam shows more significant flame-retardant efficiency stability;The"red carbon phenomenon"of wood strips soaked with three-phase A flame-retardant foam is less and the flame is slight,which can effectively reduce the carbon residue after wood burning the strips.Compared with Class A fire-extinguishing foam,the three-phase Class A flame-retardant foam added with gas-phase hydrophilic nano-silica has obvious advantages in stability and flame retardant efficiency,and the research results can provide scientific basis for the research and development of high-efficiency forest fire protection foam.

关 键 词：森林防火学 纳米二氧化硅 三相A类抑燃泡沫 析液特性 质量损失率 红炭现象 阻燃效能 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]