光伏发电系统的改进型快速GMPPT算法  

Improved and Fast Global Maximum Power Point Tracking Algorithm of Photovoltaic Power Generation System

作　　者：周国华[1] 薛宁 毕强 ZHOU Guohua;XUE Ning;BI Qiang(School of Electrical Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 611756,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学电气工程学院,四川成都611756

出　　处：《西南交通大学学报》2024年第6期1266-1274,共9页Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(62271417,61771405)。

摘　　要：为提高局部阴影条件下光伏发电的能量利用率,提出一种改进型快速全局最大功率点跟踪(global maximum power point tracking,GMPPT)算法.首先,研究局部阴影条件下光伏阵列的输出特性,并根据光伏阵列输出曲线中膝点与开路电压的关系,将其划分为恒流区和恒压区;其次,分析传统的最大功率梯形(maximum power trapezium,MPT)算法和以MPT算法为基础的改进型快速GMPPT算法的工作原理,改进型快速GMPPT算法利用电压的动态上、下限来限定搜索区间,并跳过调整时间较长的恒流区,以提高跟踪速度;最后,通过仿真与实验验证算法的有效性.实验结果表明:改进型快速GMPPT算法的最短跟踪时间为4.0 s,扫描电压与能量损失分别为17.34 V和98.19 J;与传统全局扫描算法相比,跟踪时间缩短68.25%,扫描电压降低74.86%,能量损失减少58.19%;与MPT算法相比,跟踪时间缩短68.00%,扫描电压降低75.63%,能量损失减少62.31%.In order to improve the energy utilization of photovoltaic(PV)power generation under partial shading conditions(PSCs),an improved and fast global maximum power point tracking(GMPPT)algorithm was proposed.Firstly,the output characteristics of PV array under PSCs were researched,and the output curve of PV array was divided into constant current region(CCR)and constant voltage region(CVR)according to the relationship between knee point and open circuit voltage.Then,the operation principles of the traditional maximum power trapezium(MPT)algorithm and the improved and fast GMPPT algorithm were analyzed.The improved and fast GMPPT algorithm is based on the MPT algorithm,where the search interval is limited by dynamic upper and lower limits of voltage,and CCR with a long adjustment time was skipped to further improve the tracking speed.Finally,the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm was verified by simulation and experiment.The experimental results reveal that the minimum tracking time of the improved and fast GMPPT algorithm is 4.0 s,and the scanning voltage and the energy loss of the proposed algorithm are 17.34 V and 98.19 J,respectively.Compared with the traditional global scanning algorithm and the MPT algorithm,the proposed algorithm decreases tracking time by 68.25%and 68.00%,lowers scanning voltage by 74.86%and 75.63%,and reduces energy loss by 58.19%and 62.31%,respectively.

关 键 词：最大功率点跟踪器 恒流区 调整时间 光伏发电系统 全局优化 

分 类 号：TM615[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]