乡村振兴视域下西藏农牧区相对贫困测度及帮扶着力点分析  

Measurement of relative poverty and analysis of support points in agricultural and pastoral areas of Xizang under the perspective of rural revitalization

作　　者：王亚男[1] Wang Yanan

机构地区：[1]西藏大学经济与管理学院

出　　处：《西藏发展论坛》2024年第6期71-81,共11页

基　　金：西藏自治区哲学社会科学项目:《巩固脱贫成效视域下建立解决西藏相对贫困长效机制研究》(批准号:20CGL02)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：相对贫困治理是后扶贫时代巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果、积极实行乡村振兴战略、扎实推进共同富裕的必然选择。本文基于西藏自治区国民经济和社会发展统计公报、《西藏统计年鉴》以及西藏自治区81个行政村1485名农牧民收支数据,运用马丁法、收入比例法、多维相对贫困模型,从单维相对贫困和多维相对贫困两个层面分析西藏农牧区相对贫困状况。结果表明:西藏农牧区宜采取当地人均可支配收入的40%或人均可支配收入中位数的50%划分相对贫困标准。收入匮乏、来源单一、区位环境恶劣、高抚养和扶养比是诱发单维相对贫困的重要因素。阿里地区的相对贫困程度最深,集中表现在经济、教育、医疗、生活及发展机会五个维度。基于上述结论,文章分别从经济与发展、教育、医疗、生活等领域提出对策建议,可以为优化帮扶路径,巩固脱贫成效,建立解决相对贫困长效机制贡献西藏智慧和西藏方案。The governance of relative poverty is aninevitable choice for consolidating and expanding the results of poverty eradication,actively implementing the strategy of rural revitalization,and solidly promoting common prosperity in the post-poor era.This paper is based on the Xizang Autonomous Region's national economic and social development statistical bulletin,the"Xizang Statistical Yearbook,"and the income and expenditure data of 1,485 farmers and herders in Xizang.It employs the Martin method,income ratio method,and multidimensional relative poverty model to analyze the relative poverty situation in Xizang pastoral areas from both unidimensional and multidimensional perspectives.The results indicate that it is appropriate to set the relative poverty standard at 40%of the local per capita disposable income or 50%of the median per capita disposable income.Lack of income,single sources of income,harsh regional environment,and high dependency and support ratios are significant factors inducing unidimensional relative poverty.Ngari Prefecture has the deepest level of relative poverty,which is mainly manifested in five dimensions:economy,education,healthcare,living conditions,and development opportunities.Based on the above conclusions,the paper puts forward countermeasures and suggestions in the fields of economy and development,education,healthcare,and living conditions,which contribute to optimizing assistance pathways,consolidating poverty alleviation achievements,and establishing a long-term mechanism for solving relative poverty,offering Xizang wisdom and solutions.

关 键 词：相对贫困 巩固脱贫攻坚 乡村振兴 西藏 

分 类 号：F323.8[经济管理—产业经济] D422.6[政治法律—政治学]