EEG在尼古丁成瘾领域中的应用研究  

Application of EEG in nicotine addiction research

作　　者：任志伟 马宇欣 薛婷[1] 董芳[1] 程永欣 王娟[1] 董有为 鹿益明 喻大华[2] 袁凯 REN Zhiwei;MAYuxin;XUE Ting;DONG Fang;CHENG Yongxin;WANG Juan;DONG Youwei;LU Yiming;YU Dahua;YUANKai(School of Digital and Intelligent Industry,Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology,Baotou 014010,China;School of Automation and Electrical Engineering,Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology,Baotou 014010,China;School of Life Sciences and Technology,Xidian University,Xi'an 710071,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古科技大学数智产业学院,内蒙古包头014010 [2]内蒙古科技大学自动化与电气工程学院,内蒙古包头014010 [3]西安电子科技大学生命科学与技术学院,陕西西安710071

出　　处：《中国医学物理学杂志》2024年第12期1537-1542,共6页Chinese Journal of Medical Physics

基　　金：科技创新2030-“脑科学与类脑研究”重大项目(2022ZD0214500);国家自然科学基金(82260359,82371500);内蒙古自然科学基金(2023QN08007);内蒙古自治区高等学校基本业务费。

摘　　要：吸烟问题是当今社会的焦点问题,烟草中的尼古丁是导致成瘾和戒断困难的主要原因。长期使用尼古丁不仅会引起大脑神经振荡异常,还会损害奖赏回路以及情绪调节功能,从而降低神经可塑性,增加成瘾的敏感性。作为一种电生理信号,脑电(EEG)信号与认知功能、情绪调节、抑制控制以及睡眠等多种状态相关。在尼古丁成瘾领域中,EEG信号的变化被证实与成瘾者认知功能和抑制控制的异常有关。因此,通过EEG相关技术探讨尼古丁成瘾者的异常神经振荡模式,可以加深对尼古丁成瘾内在神经机制的理解,为尼古丁成瘾的干预与治疗提供科学依据。本文将从EEG在尼古丁成瘾研究中的应用现状以及技术现状两方面,对近年来国内外学者的研究进展和相关成果进行综述。研究发现,尼古丁成瘾者在睡眠质量、认知功能及抑制控制等方面存在明显的异常。此外,成瘾者的大脑功能连接、事件相关电位及脑电功率谱也发生显著变化。最后,本文对EEG信号在尼古丁成瘾领域的研究前景进行了展望,强调进一步探索EEG信号在成瘾机制、戒断反应及治疗效果评估中的潜在应用。Smoking is a major concern in today's society,and the nicotine in tobacco is the major cause of addiction and difficulty in withdrawal.Long-termuse of nicotine not only results in abnormal neural oscillations in the brain,but also impairs reward circuits as well as emotion regulation,thus reducing neuroplasticity and increasing susceptibility to addiction.As electrophysiological signals,electroencephalogram(EEG)signals are associated with a variety of states including cognitive function,emotion regulation,inhibitory control,and sleep.The researches on nicotine addiction reveal that changes in EEG signals are associated with abnormalities in cognitive function and inhibitory control in nicotine addicts.Therefore,exploring the abnormal neural oscillation patterns of nicotine addicts through EEG-related techniques can deepen the understanding of the intrinsic neural mechanisms of nicotine addiction and provide a scientific basis for the intervention and treatment of nicotine addiction.Herein the study summarizes the research achievements of scholars at home and abroad in recent years from the aspects of the application status of EEG in nicotine addiction researches as well as the current technology.It is found that nicotine addicts have obvious abnormalities in sleep quality,cognitive function and inhibitory control.In addition,the functional brain connectivity,event-related potentials and EEG power spectra of addicts are significantly changed.Finally,an outlook on the research prospects of EEG signals in nicotine addiction is provided,emphasizing the potential applications of EEG signals in addiction mechanisms,withdrawal responses,and assessment of treatment efficacy.

关 键 词：脑电 尼古丁成瘾 睡眠 认知功能 综述 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]