中俄东北虎自然保护地建设进展  

Progress in the construction of Sino-Russia Amur Tiger(Panthera tigris altaica)Protected Areas

作　　者：王凤昆 李艳 姜广顺[2,3] WANG Fengkun;LI Yan;JIANG Guangshun(Heilongjiang Xingkai Lake National Nature Reserve,Jixi 158100,Heilongjiang,China;Feline Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Harbin 150040,China;College of Wildlife and Protected Area,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China;East China Academy of Inventory and Planning of NFGA,Hangzhou 310019,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江兴凯湖国家级自然保护区管理局,黑龙江鸡西158100 [2]国家林业和草原局猫科动物研究中心,哈尔滨150040 [3]东北林业大学野生动物与自然保护地学院,哈尔滨150040 [4]国家林业和草原局华东调查规划院,杭州310019

出　　处：《自然保护地》2024年第4期38-52,共15页Natural Protected Areas

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31872241)。

摘　　要：【目的】建设布局合理的东北虎(Panthera tigris altaica)中俄跨界自然保护地体系,是维护东北虎种群整体稳定以及恢复我国东北虎种群的努力方向和战略举措。【方法】在研究广泛历史资料的基础上,阐述了中俄两国东北虎自然保护地分布特点和发展状况,分析了中俄边境地区东北虎跨界迁移新情况,就中俄东北虎保护地合作对接平台提出了建议。【结果】俄罗斯东北虎保护历经百年,在远东地区建立起了自然保护区和国家公园并重、禁猎区和生态廊道相辅的高度发达自然保护地体系。我国自东北虎豹国家公园建立以后,东北虎保护逐渐走出低谷,进入了关键“窗口期”,其数量增加和分布区扩大对自然保护地建设提出了新要求。中俄边境区东北虎汇集、渗透、扩散活动频繁,缓解了俄罗斯东北虎种群扩大的区域限制,也为我国东北虎摆脱危机和种群恢复提供了稳定种源。【结论】中俄两国在东北虎保护合作中,边境区东北虎迁移通道的生态环境恢复和保护是工作重点,需要优化边境区两国自然保护地资源,重视生态廊道作用,促进东北虎跨界自然保护地一体化建设进程,实现人虎和谐共生。【Objectives】It is an effort direction and strategic approach to establish a reasonable layout for a Sino-Russian cross-border protected area system for Amur tigers.The system is designed to maintain the overall stability of the Amur tiger population and restore the Amur tiger population in China.【Methods】Our study,based on an extensive review of historical data,aimed to elucidate the distribution characteristics and development of Amur tiger nature reserves in China and Russia.Additionally,we sought to analyze the recent patterns of cross-border migration of Aumr tigers in Sino-Russian border regions.Our findings have led us to propose a series of recommendations for the establishment of a collaborative platform for the management of Sino-Russian Amur tiger nature reserves.【Results】After a hundred years of protection of Siberian tigers in Russia,a highly developed natural protected area system has been established in the Far East.This system encompassed a range of natural protected area types,including nature reserves and national parks,as well as sanctuaries and ecological corridors,which collectively contribute to the conservation of the region’s biodiversity.Since the establishment of the Northeast China Tiger and Leopard National Park,the protection of Amur Tiger has gradually stepped out of the trough and entered a critical period.The increase in its number and the expansion of its distribution area have put forward new requirements for nature reserves.The frequent gathering,infiltration,and dispersal activities of the Amur tiger in the Sino-Russia border area have alleviated the regional restrictions on the expansion of the Amur tiger population in Russia.Furthermore,these activities have provided a stable breeding source for China’s Amur Tiger,which has enabled the species to overcome the crisis and recover its population.【Conclusions】In the context of China-Russia collaboration on Amur tiger conservation,the restoration and protection of the ecological environment along the migration r

关 键 词：东北虎 自然保护地 中俄合作 生态廊道 种群管理 

分 类 号：S759.9[农业科学—森林经理学]