碱性锌钴二次电池在深空探测领域应用研究  

Research on the Application of Alkaline Zinc-Cobalt Secondary Batteries in Deep Space Exploration

作　　者：尚文旭 谈鹏 SHANG Wenxu;TAN Peng(Deep Space Exploration Laboratory,Hefei 230088,China;Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering,University of Science and Technology of China(USTC),Hefei 230026,China)

机构地区：[1]深空探测实验室(天都实验室),合肥230088 [2]中国科学技术大学热科学和能源工程系,合肥230026

出　　处：《工程热物理学报》2024年第12期3799-3803,共5页Journal of Engineering Thermophysics

基　　金：安徽省自然科学基金资助项目(No.2408085QE177)。

摘　　要：深空探测领域是人类科学探索的新前沿,对电源系统提出了较高的要求,目前常用锂离子电池作为太阳电池阵的储备电源。然而,在深空探测任务的极端环境下,锂离子电池存在能量密度低、高安全隐患等局限性,因此需要寻找一种替代电池系统。碱性二次锌钴电池作为一种新兴的能源储存技术备受关注,其具有高理论容量和高工作电压的优势,能够在长时间光照条件不佳时提供持续供电,且高安全性能够降低事故风险。然而,目前面临的挑战主要集中在活性物质利用率低和自放电严重等问题上。本文通过优化质–荷–电传输特性,提高了锌电池中钴基正极的活性物质利用率。同时,针对自放电问题,采取增强电荷转移的方法进行了有效抑制。该研究展示了碱性锌钴二次电池在深空探测中的潜在应用优势,并为探索更先进的能源储存系统奠定了基础,推动了深空探测任务的发展,为人类更好地认识宇宙提供了新的契机。In the field of deep space exploration,which represents the new frontier of human scien-tific inquiry,stringent demands are placed on power supply systems.Currently,lithium-ion batteries are commonly used as backup power sources for solar arrays.However,in the extreme environments encountered during deep space missions,lithium-ion batteries suffer from limitations such as low energy density and high safety risks.Therefore,there is a need to search for an alternative battery system.Alkaline zinc-cobalt secondary batteries have attracted considerable attention as an emerg-ing energy storage technology due to their high theoretical capacity and high operating voltage.They can provide continuous power supply under conditions of prolonged poor sunlight,and their high safety performance can reduce the risk of accidents.However,the main challenges currently faced include low utilization of active materials and severe self-discharge.In this study,we optimized the mass-charge-transfer characteristics to improve the utilization of cobalt-based cathodes in zinc bat-teries.Meanwhile,effective suppression of self-discharge was achieved by enhancing charge transfer.This research demonstrates the potential advantages of alkaline zinc-cobalt secondary batteries in deep space exploration and lays the foundation for exploring more advanced energy storage systems.It promotes the development of deep space exploration missions and provides new opportunities for humanity to better understand the universe.

关 键 词：传质特性 深空探测 碱性锌钴二次电池 

分 类 号：TQ152[化学工程—电化学工业]