基于金属增材制造的新型发汗冷却推力室冷却特性研究  

Research on Cooling Characteristics of a New Transpiration Cooling Thru Chamber Based on Metal Additive Manufacturing Technology

作　　者：解文博 郭海龙 祁超杰 畅佳琪 杨卫华[1] XIE Wenbo;GUO Hailong;QI Chaojie;CHANG Jiaqi;YANG Weihua(College of Energy and Power,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China;AECC Hunan Aviation Powerplant Research Institute,Zhuzhou 412002,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学能源与动力学院,南京210016 [2]中国航发湖南动力机械研究所,株洲412002

出　　处：《工程热物理学报》2024年第12期3804-3809,共6页Journal of Engineering Thermophysics

摘　　要：目前,航空航天领域中高热负荷部件面临日趋严苛的热环境考验,本文设计了一种新型发汗冷却推力室,采用金属增材制造技术加工制造,并进行了高温燃气换热试验研究该新型发汗冷却推力室的综合冷却性能。研究发现:新型发汗冷却推力室具有高效、经济的特点以应对外部热环境的提升,而提高冷却剂供给可以进一步大幅提升冷却效果;在试验研究的温比(K=4.47~5.12)及流量比(M=0.03~0.15)内,流量比对内壁面温度及综合冷却效率的影响远大于温比;并且存在最优流量比,使冷却效率与冷却经济性最大。本文研究的基于金属增材制造技术的新型发汗冷却推力室加工方式简便、综合冷却效率高,可以为未来先进航空航天热防护冷却结构设计、加工与制造提供参考。At present,high heat load components in the aerospace field are facing increasingly severe thermal environment tests.In this paper,a new transpiration cooling thrust chamber is designed and manufactured by metal additive manufacturing technology,and the overall cooling performance of the new transpiration cooling thrust chamber is studied by high temperature gas heat transfer test.It is found that the new transpiration cooling thrust chamber has the characteristics of high efficiency and economy to cope with the improvement of external thermal environment,and the improvement of coolant supply can further greatly improve the cooling effect.In the experimental study of temperature ratio(K=4.47~5.12)and fow ratio(M=0.03~0.15),the influence of flow ratio on the inner wall temperature and comprehensive cooling efficiency is much greater than that of temperature ratio.And there is an optimal fow ratio to maximize cooling efficiency and cooling economy.The new transpiration cooling thrust chamber based on metal additive manufacturing technology studied in this paper has simple processing method and high overall cooling eficiency,which can provide reference for the design,processing and manufacturing of advanced aerospace thermal protection cooling structure in the future.

关 键 词：发汗冷却火箭推力室 金属增材制造技术 换热试验 综合冷却效率 最优流量比 

分 类 号：V434.24[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]