利益相关者视角下老旧小区加装电梯决策影响因素研究——以北京市为例  

Research on the Influencing Factors of the Fecision-making of Installing Elevators in Old Communities from the Perspective of Stakeholders:Taking Beijing as an Example

作　　者：刘梦 刘菁[1] 李宗奕 耿杉姗 杨柳 所萌[3] LIU Meng;LIU Jing;LI Zongyi;GENG Shanshan;YANG Liu;SUO Meng

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学经济管理学院,北京100044 [2]中规院(北京)规划设计有限公司,北京100044 [3]中国城市规划设计研究院,北京100044

出　　处：《城市发展研究》2024年第11期I0007-I0011,共5页Urban Development Studies

摘　　要：我国老龄化趋势严峻,老旧小区加装电梯已成为中国城市更新的重要内容。加装电梯是项系统工程,需要多方利益相关者的参与及配合,利益相关者决策的选择会影响项目的启动及完成。首先按照米切尔利益相关者划分法对老旧小区加装电梯的核心利益相关者进行识别,确定以政府、居民、社会参建方为加装电梯的核心利益相关者。其次,以北京市为例,对北京市老旧小区加装电梯改造的现状进行分析,通过文献梳理、新闻信息采集、问卷调查及深度访谈的方式,以利益相关者的视角提取老旧小区加装电梯决策的影响因素,通过绘制影响因素的社会网络并计算中心度,分析决策影响因素对加装电梯的重要程度,筛选出关键决策影响因素。最后,在关键影响因素的基础上提出推进老旧小区加装电梯的建议。旨在弥补加装电梯在实际操作中的瓶颈,为政府提供有力支撑,为利益相关者科学决策提供依据,为推进北京市及全国其他城市加装电梯进程提供参考。China's aging trend is severe,and the installation of elevators in old communities has become an important part of China's urban renewal.Elevator installation is a systematic project,which requires the participation and cooperation of multiple stakeholders.The choice of stakeholder decision-making will affect the start-up and completion of the project.Firstly,according to Mitchell's stakeholder division method,the core stakeholders of installing elevators in old communities are identified,and finally the government,residents and social participants are determined as the core stakeholders.Then,taking Beijing as an example,this paper lists the current situation of elevator renovation in old residential areas,and analyzes the problems.In order to solve the main contradiction,secondly,through literature review,news information collection,questionnaire survey and in-depth interview,the influencing factors of elevator installation decision in old residential areas are extracted from the perspective of stakeholders.After that,by drawing the social network of influencing factors and calculating the centrality,the importance of decision-making influencing factors to the installation of elevators is analyzed,and the key decision-making influencing factors are screened out.Finally,based on the key influencing factors,suggestions for promoting the installation of elevators in old communities are proposed.It aims to make up for the bottleneck in the actual operation of installing elevators,provide a strong professional title for the government,provide a basis for scientific decision-making of stakeholders,and provide a reference for promoting the process of installing elevators in Beijing and other cities across the country.

关 键 词：老旧小区 加装电梯 利益相关者 社会网络分析 

分 类 号：TU857[建筑科学]