某院抗感染药物相关药物不良反应的临床特征分析  

Analysis of Clinical Characteristics of Adverse Drug Reactions Related to Anti-infective Drugs in a Hospital

作　　者：胡小倩 HU Xiao-qian(Anyang District Hospital of Puyang City,Anyang Henan 455000,China)

机构地区：[1]濮阳市安阳地区医院,河南安阳455000

出　　处：《抗感染药学》2024年第10期1005-1009,共5页Anti-infection Pharmacy

基　　金：河南省医学科技攻关计划项目(编号:LHGJ20220979)。

摘　　要：目的:分析医院抗感染药物相关药物不良反应(adverse drug reactions,ADRs)的临床特点,为临床抗感染药物的用药安全提供参考。方法:选取2022年1月-2023年12月濮阳市安阳地区医院上报的107例抗感染药物相关ADRs报告作为研究资料,采集其中患者的年龄、性别,以及ADRs的报告类型、所涉药物的种类和剂型、累及器官和临床表现等信息,分析抗感染药物相关ADRs的临床特点。结果:107例ADRs报告中,报告类型主要为“一般”(97例,占60.65%),“新的一般”和“严重”分别仅6例和4例;ADRs所涉患者在性别上男性略多于女性(56例vs 51例),而在年龄上以>50岁者居多(71例,占66.36%);ADRs所涉药物主要为喹诺酮类(48例,占44.86%)和头孢菌素类(20例,占18.69%),而药物的剂型主要为注射液(53例,占49.53%)和粉针剂(53例,占49.53%);抗感染药物相关ADRs主要累及皮肤及其附件(54例,占50.47%),其次为胃肠道系统(14例,占13.08%)和注射部位(10例,占9.35%)。结论:抗感染药物相关ADRs多发生于中老年人群,而品种上主要为喹诺酮类和头孢菌素类,剂型上基本均为注射制剂,对此临床应加强相关监测,以保证患者的用药安全。Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics of adverse drug reactions(ADRs)related to anti-infective drugs in the hospital and provide reference for the clinical safe use of anti-infective drugs.Methods:The anti-infective drug related ADR reports of 107 patients reported by Anyang District Hospital of Puyang City from January 2022 to December 2023 were selected as research data.The information such as patient age,gender,type of ADR reports,type and dosage form of drugs,organs involved and clinical manifestations was collected to analyze the clinical characteristics of anti-infective drug related ADRs.Results:Among the ADR reports of 107 cases,the report type was mainly"general"(97 cases,60.65%),and the reports of"new and general"and"serious"types only involved 6 cases and 4 cases respectively.In terms of gender,the number of male patients with ADRs was slightly more than that of female patients(56 cases vs 51 cases);in terms of age,most patients were over 50 years old(71 cases,66.36%).In terms of drug types,the drugs involved in ADRs were mainly quinolones(48 cases,44.86%)and cephalosporins(20 cases,18.69%);in terms of dosage forms,the main drugs were injections(53 cases,49.53%)and powder injections(53 cases,49.53%);the main organs involved were skin and its appendages(54 cases,50.47%),followed by the gastrointestinal system(14 cases,13.08%)and injection sites(10 cases,9.35%).Conclusion:Anti-infective drug related ADRs mostly occur in the middle-aged and elderly individuals;the main drug types are quinolones and cephalosporins,and the dosage forms are basically injection preparations.Therefore,it is required to strengthen the relevant clinical monitoring to ensure the safe medication for patients.

关 键 词：抗感染药物 药物不良反应 临床特征 合理用药 

分 类 号：R978[医药卫生—药品] R181.35[医药卫生—药学]