Al_(2)O_(3)颗粒/纤维混杂增强铜基复合材料的制备及性能  

Preparation and properties of copper matrix composites reinforced with Al_(2)O_(3)particle fiber blend

作　　者：王哲 张文逸 张慧敏 王军 王应 WANG Zhe;ZHANG Wenyi;ZHANG Huimin;WANG Jun;WANG Ying(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Xi’an Polytechnic University,Xi’an 710048,China)

机构地区：[1]西安工程大学材料工程学院,陕西西安710048

出　　处：《西安工程大学学报》2024年第6期1-9,共9页Journal of Xi’an Polytechnic University

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基金重点研发计划(2023-YBGY-171)。

摘　　要：为了研发高强度、高耐磨性且高电导率的铜基复合材料,采用等离子放电烧结(SPS)制备质量分数为0~4%的Al_(2)O_(3)颗粒和Al_(2)O_(3)纤维混杂增强铜基复合材料,研究了Al_(2)O_(3)颗粒/纤维含量对复合材料的显微组织、力学性能、物理性能的影响及影响机理。结果表明:Al_(2)O_(3)颗粒/纤维混杂增强铜基复合材料的显微组织细小、均匀、致密度高达95%以上。随Al_(2)O_(3)颗粒/纤维含量增加,复合材料的抗拉强度和硬度逐渐增大,但电导率和耐磨性缓慢下降;当Al_(2)O_(3)颗粒质量分数为2%、Al_(2)O_(3)纤维质量分数为4%时,铜基复合材料具有非常优良的拉伸强度(257 MPa)和耐磨损性能[摩擦系数0.142,磨损率2.57×10^(-5)mm^(3)/(N·m)],其拉伸强度比纯铜提高约23%,耐磨损性能则是纯铜的5.5倍,同时具有非常高的电导率(64.00%IACS)。同时,从分析可知铜基复合材料的断裂机制为Al_(2)O_(3)颗粒所形成的韧窝以及Al_(2)O_(3)纤维的拔出与断裂,磨损机制为疲劳磨损。To develop copper-based composite materials with high strength,high wear resistance,and high electrical conductivity,plasma discharge sintering(SPS)was employed in this study to prepare copper-based composite materials reinforced with mixed Al_(2)O_(3)particles(0~4%)and Al_(2)O_(3)fibers(0~4%).The influence of Al_(2)O_(3)particle/fiber content on the microstructure,mechanical properties,and physical properties of the composite materials was investigated.It is found that the microstructure of the Al_(2)O_(3)particle/fiber reinforced copper-based composite material is fine,uniform,and highly dense,exceeding 95%density.With increasing Al_(2)O_(3)particle/fiber content,the tensile strength and hardness of the composite material gradually increase,while electrical conductivity and wear resistance decrease slowly.When the Al_(2)O_(3)particles are at 2%and Al_(2)O_(3)fibers are at 4wt.%,the material exhibits excellent tensile strength(257 MPa)and wear resistance(friction coefficient 0.142,wear rate 2.57×10^(-5)mm^(3)/(N·m)),with a tensile strength about 23%higher than that of pure copper,and its wear resistance is 5.5 times higher than that of pure copper,while maintaining a very high electrical conductivity(64.00%IACS).In-depth analysis reveals that its fracture mechanism involves tough pits formed by Al_(2)O_(3)particles and the pull-out and fracture of Al_(2)O_(3)fibers,while the wear mechanism is fatigue wear.

关 键 词：铜基复合材料 混杂增强 力学性能 微观结构 耐磨性能 

分 类 号：TB331[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]