V_(2)O_(5)制备碳氮化钒参数优化研究  

Optimization of Vanadium Carbonitride Preparation by V_(2)O_(5)

作　　者：杨双平[1] 赵永喆 杨尚琦 何少红 于成刚 高文彬 Yang Shuangping;Zhao Yongzhe;Yang Shangqi;He Shaohong;Yu Chenggang;Gao Wenbin(College of Metallurgical Engineering,Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi'an 710055,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学冶金工程学院,陕西西安710055

出　　处：《稀有金属》2024年第10期1510-1518,共9页Chinese Journal of Rare Metals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51604208)资助。

摘　　要：碳氮化钒作为一种新型钒添加剂在钢铁行业广泛应用。将一步还原法与高温真空冶炼相结合,以V_(2)O_(5)为原料,焦炭为还原剂,达到连续、高效、低成本制备碳氮化钒的目的。通过对V_(2)O_(5)制备碳氮化钒过程进行热力学计算,利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)等测试方法对配碳量、反应温度影响因素进行试验分析以及碳氮化钒产品物相表征。结果表明:在碳氮化钒制备过程中,体系内CO与N_(2)气体分压会对碳化温度与氮化温度造成一定程度的影响,因此反应过程中应严格控制体系的CO和N_(2)分压;配碳量、反应温度对碳氮化钒产品中钒含量、氮含量、碳含量均有不同程度的影响,随着配碳量的增大,钒含呈先下降后上升再下降的趋势,氮含量先上升后下降,碳含量持续上升;随反应温度的升高,钒含量整体呈先上升后下降趋势,氮含量先上升后下降,碳含量先下低后上升。以配碳量为35%,制样压力为20 MPa,真空度为0.5 k Pa,N_(2)流量为300 ml.min^(-1),碳热还原温度为900℃,氮化温度为1480℃的最佳工艺参数,可制备得钒含量为75.55%,氮含量为13.91%,碳含量为4.96%以及表观密度为4.37 g.cm^(-3)的碳氮化钒产品,符合国家标准。Vanadium carbonitride is a continuous solid solution formed by VN and VC,with a face-centered cubic structure.The addition of vanadium carbonitride allows the steel to achieve the same alloying effect using less vanadium than VN,and because of its low carbon content,the control of carbon in the furnace is better than VC when smelting high-strength low-alloy steel.Therefore,vanadium carbonitride has become an ideal new vanadium additive widely used in structural steel,non-quenched and tempered steel,highstrength steel bars,seamless steel pipes,high-speed tool steel,high-carbon steel,cast steel,section steel,high-strength low-alloy steel,hot-rolled plate,and Chip Support Package(CSP)high-strength strip.Based on the problems of the complex process,discontinuous process,high equipment requirements and high cost in the preparation methods of vanadium carbonitride,such as two-step carbon-thermal reduction nitriding method,high-temperature non-vacuum one-step method,microwave heating synthesis method,precursor method and mechanical method.This study combined the one-step reduction method with high-temperature vacuum smelting technology to achieve the purpose of continuous,efficient and low-cost preparation of vanadium carbonitride.The test process was:proportionally weigh V_(2)O_(5)powder(powdery solid obtained by heating ammonium metavanadate to melting,cooling,and grinding)and coke(fixed carbon content of 84.97%,ash fraction of 13.18%,sulfur content of 0.32%),fully ground and mix well in a mortar,take 10 g of mixed powder,drop 3~4 drops of polyvinyl alcohol binder and stir evenly.The mixture was put into an oil-pressed powder tabletmaking machine and pressed into a cylinder ofΦ15 mm×20 mm at a pressure of 20 MPa.The sample was put into an oven,dried at150℃for 3 h,taken out,and put into a high-temperature tube furnace(NBD-T1700-50IT-80F)for the roasting test,N_(2)(purity of99.99%)was introduced throughout the process,the nitrogen flow rate was 300 ml.min^(-1),and the vacuum in the furnace was maintained at 0.5 k Pa

关 键 词：碳氮化钒 V_(2)O_(5) 真空碳热还原 配碳量 反应温度 

分 类 号：TF123.121[冶金工程—粉末冶金]