模拟极端地磁感应电流注入下缩比变压器电-磁-热效应试验研究  

Experimental Study on Electro-magnetic-heat Effects of Scaled-down Transformers Under Simulated Extreme Geomagnetic Induced Current Injection

作　　者：王亚楠 田逸涵 马志钦 李丽 刘彤宇 王远 WANG Yanan;TIAN Yihan;MA Zhiqin;LI Li;LIU Tongyu;WANG Yuan(Xi an Jiaotong University Institute of Science,Technology and Education Development,Xi an,Shaanxi 710049,China;Electric Power Research Institute of Guangdong Power Grid Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510080,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学科技与教育发展研究院,陕西西安710049 [2]广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院,广东广州510080

出　　处：《广东电力》2024年第11期9-17,共9页Guangdong Electric Power

基　　金：中国南方电网有限责任公司科研项目〔GDKJXM20231471(030000KC23120088)〕;陕西省军民融合专项资金项目(SXJMRH202301)。

摘　　要：高幅值、长脉宽的极端地磁感应电流会对电力设备及电力系统的正常运行造成较大威胁。为了研究强电磁脉冲环境下变压器中性点脉冲型地磁感应电流对于变压器设备的效应,首先研制了输出半脉宽数十秒级、幅值数百安的脉冲注入装置。其次搭建极端地磁感应电流注入试验的电路拓扑,通过2台缩比变压器背靠背连接形成空载注入回路结构,研究注入过程中变压器励磁电流饱和暂态过程、变压器铁心饱和过程以及变压器励磁电流和低压侧电压的谐波畸变情况。结果表明,注入过程中,变压器励磁电流可以达到数百安,远超变压器额定电流,铁心进入深度饱和状态,励磁电流中出现偶次谐波含量,随着注入电流幅值增加,励磁电流畸变率会下降。最后,极端地磁感应电流注入瞬态过程中,变压器绕组和铁心会出现明显温升,当注入电流幅值为50 A时,绕组瞬态温升超过29℃,铁心主柱表面瞬态温升超过14℃。试验结果为研究强电磁脉冲环境下变压器设备效应提供参考。Extreme geomagnetic induction currents with high amplitude and long pulse width pose a significant threat to the normal operation of power equipment and power systems.In order to study the effect of transformer neutral point pulsed geomagnetic induced current on transformer equipment under the strong electromagnetic pulse environment,firstly,a pulse injection device with output half pulse width of tens of seconds and amplitude of hundreds of amperes is developed.Secondly,the circuit topology of extreme geomagnetic induced current injection test is constructed,and the no-load injection circuit is formed by connecting the two scaled-down transformers back to back,and the excitation current of transformer is investigated during the injection process.The results indicate during the injection process,the transformer excitation current can reach hundreds of amperes,far exceeding the rated current of the transformer.The core enters into deep saturation state,the even harmonic content appears in the excitation current,and with the increase of the amplitude of the injected current,the distortion rate of the excitation current will decrease.Finally,during the extreme geomagnetic induction current injection transient process,transformer windings and core appear obvious temperature rise.When the injected current amplitude of 50 A,the winding transient more than 29℃,the core main column surface transient more than 14℃.The test results provide an important reference for the study of transformer equipment effects in the strong EMP environment.

关 键 词：脉冲电流 极端地磁感应电流 直流偏磁 谐波分析 温升 

分 类 号：TM83[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术]