大豆灰斑病菌越冬条件初步探索  

Preliminary Exploration on Overwintering Conditions of Cercospora Sojina

作　　者：王恺 刘伟 徐礼英[1] 孟雪 顾鑫 WANG Kai;LIU Wei;XU Liying;MENG Xue;GU Xin(School of Landscape and Horticulture,Wuhu Institute of Technology,Wuhu Anhui 241003,China;Jiamusi Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jiamusi Heilongjiang 154007,China)

机构地区：[1]芜湖职业技术学院园林园艺学院,安徽芜湖241003 [2]黑龙江省农业科学院佳木斯分院,黑龙江佳木斯154007

出　　处：《淮阴师范学院学报（自然科学版）》2024年第4期329-333,共5页Journal of Huaiyin Teachers College(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：安徽省高校自然科学研究项目(2022AH040297);芜湖职业技术学院优秀青年拔尖人才项目(rc2023qnbj08);芜湖市应用基础研究项目(2022jc47);芜湖职业技术学院创新团队项目(wzykytd202201);安徽高校质量工程研究项目(2022jnds064)。

摘　　要：近些年,随着大豆种植带逐步向北推移,大豆灰斑病在东北大豆产区北部发生情况愈发严重.然而,当下对于大豆灰斑病菌的越冬条件及能力的研究相对较少,这对大豆轮作不利。本研究把大豆发病叶片放置于东北春大豆产区3个不同纬度的位置,设置了3个埋藏深度处理方式和4个埋藏时间处理方式,次年取出后对孢子萌发数量和侵染后病斑数量进行测定.试验结果显示:埋藏0cm处理的叶片产孢能力最强,其次是埋藏10cm处的,埋藏20cm处的产孢能力最弱.随着时间的推移,叶片残体的产孢能力逐渐减弱.伴随着埋藏时间的延长和埋藏深度的增加,大豆灰斑病菌的产孢能力以及来年侵染大豆叶片的病斑数量均显著减少.埋藏时间、埋藏地点以及埋藏深度均能显著影响第二年的病害发生情况.在东北春大豆产区,深翻20 cm且轮作24个月的防病效果最佳,而在北部地区仅需要深翻10cm并轮作12个月即可.研究可为黑龙江省北部大豆灰斑病的综合防治提供一定的参考。In the northeast soybean production area,the soybean gray spot fungus has seriously increased due to the northward shift in soybean planting zone in recent years.Unfortunately,there is ltle research on the overwintering conditions and ability of Cercospora sojina currently,which is detrimental to the development of soybean crop rotation.To tackle this issue,we conducted a study where we placed soybean disease leaves in the northeast spring soybean production area at three different latitudes.We used three burial depth and four burial time treatments to determine the number of spore germination and the number of infested spots after one year.Our findings showed that the spore-producing ability of leaves buried at O cm was the strongest,followed by those buried at 10 cm.The spore-producing ability of those buried at 20 cm was the weakest.The spore-producing ability of the leaf residues gradually weakened with time.The longer the burial time and the deeper the burial depth,the lower the spore production ability and the number of spots infested with soybean leaves in the next year.Our study found that burial time,location,and depth all significantly affected disease incidence in the second year.We recommend that the relatively southern northeastern spring soybean production areas require 20 cm deep turning and 24 months of crop rotation for best results,while the northern part requires only 10 cm deep turning and 12 months of crop rotation.Therefore,our research provides a vital reference for selecting soybean varieties resistant to gray spot disease and comprehensive control of gray spot disease in the northern part of Heilongjiang Province.

关 键 词：大豆灰斑病 埋藏深度 埋藏时间 产孢能力 

分 类 号：S529[农业科学—作物学]