算法共谋主观联系标准构建:从主体依赖性迈向算法交互性  

Algorithmic Conspiracy Subjective Construction of Connection Criteria:From Subject Dependency to Algorithmic Interaction

作　　者：苏新建[1] 沈运峰 Su Xinjian;Shen Yunfeng(School of Law,Zheijiang Gongshang University,Hangzhou 310018)

机构地区：[1]浙江工商大学法学院,杭州310018

出　　处：《浙江社会科学》2024年第12期36-49,156,共15页Zhejiang Social Sciences

基　　金：2022年度浙江省软科学项目一般项目“应急管理程序对公众政府信任的影响及完善对策研究”(2022C35020)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：《平台经济领域的反垄断指南》分别引入美国与欧盟司法实践中的“信息交流说”与“知悉规则”,作为互联网共谋行为经营者主观联系的认定标准,从而将算法共谋问题推至我国反垄断法实践与理论的前台。学理上,算法共谋行为可分为信使型共谋、轴辐协议型共谋、可预测代理型共谋和电子眼型共谋。无论何种类型,反竞争共谋关系的形成都取决于经营者之间的相互依赖程度,而算法程序的广泛使用深刻改变了经营者之间的依赖关系。依据博弈论对依赖关系的解释,算法时代经营者之间的博弈关系由“人—人”依赖性转变为“人—机”控制关系下的算法交互关系。规范算法共谋行为的理论路径为,通过“人—机”控制关系与算法交互关系的结合来构建算法共谋中的经营者主观联系标准。The Antitrust Guidelines in the Field of Platform Economy introduces the“information exchange”and“knowledge rule”in the judicial practice of the United States and the European Union re‐spectively as the criteria for determining the subjective connection of the operator of the Internet conspir‐acy,thus bringing the issue of algorithmic conspiracy to the forefront of the practice and theory of China’s antitrust law.Theoretically,algorithmic conspiracy can be divided into messenger type conspiracy,hub and-spoke agreement type conspiracy,predictable agent type conspiracy and electronic eye type conspir‐acy.The formation of anti-competitive conspiracies of each type depends on the degree of interdepen‐dence between agents,and the widespread use of algorithmic procedures has profoundly changed the in‐terdependence between agents.According to the game-theoretic explanation of the interdependence rela‐tionship,in the algorithmic era the interdependence between operators has changed from“human-hu‐man”interdependence to algorithmic interaction under the“human-machine”control relationship.The general criterion of algorithmic conspiracy can be constructed by combining the human-machine control relationship and the algorithmic interaction relationship to construct the criterion of subjective linkage of operators.

关 键 词：算法共谋 信息交流说 知悉规则 依赖理论 博弈论 算法交互性 

分 类 号：D922.294[政治法律—经济法学] TP30[政治法律—法学]