北美冬青‘奥斯特’花芽分化期内含物质变化特征  

Characteristics of Changes in Chemical Composition of Ilex vericillata ‘Oosterwijk’ During Flower Bud Differentiation

作　　者：侯召斌 殷雅文 杨丁 郝明灼[2] 邹义萍 Hou Zhaobin;Yin Yawen;Yang Ding;Hao Mingzhuo;Zou Yiping(Nanjing Police University,Nanjing 210023,P.R.China;Nanjing Forestry University;Nanjing Guotu Information Industry Co.,Ltd.)

机构地区：[1]南京警察学院,南京210023 [2]南京林业大学 [3]南京国图信息产业有限公司

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2025年第1期49-56,共8页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：“十四五”江苏省重点学科公安技术一级学科建设项目。

摘　　要：通过石蜡切片结合物候观察,将北美冬青(Ilex vericillata)花芽分化过程分为花芽分化初期(P1)、花序原基分化期(P2)、花萼原基分化期(P3)、花瓣原基分化期(P4)、雌雄蕊原基分化期(P5)5个阶段。测定枝条内源激素质量分数及比值(赤霉素(GA_3)、脱落酸(ABA)、玉米素核苷(ZR)、吲哚乙酸(IAA)、(w(IAA)+w(ZR))/w(ABA)、(w(IAA)+w(ZR))/w(GA_3)、w(GA_3)/w(ABA))、枝条矿物质(碳、氮、钾、磷)质量分数及比值(碳氮质量分数比)、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质量分数的变化。结果表明:碳、钾、氮和磷、内源激素质量分数、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质量分数均随发育阶段变化而表现显著变化。玉米素核苷质量分数在花萼原基分化期(P3)达到最大值,脱落酸质量分数在花瓣原基分化期(P4)最大,吲哚乙酸及赤霉素质量分数在雌雄蕊原基分化期(P5)达到最大值。(w(IAA)+w(ZR))/w(GA_(3))在花萼原基分化期(P3)达到峰值,(w(IAA)+w(ZR))/w(ABA)、w(GA_3)/w(ABA)在雌雄蕊原基分化期(P5)最高。氮、磷、钾质量分数都于花萼原基分化期(P3)达到最高,碳质量分数及碳氮质量分数比在雌雄蕊原基分化期(P5)达到巅峰。可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质量分数变化都呈类似的上升趋势。分析雌雄蕊原基分化期(P5)枝条内含物质与开花、结实量之间的相关性,结合主成分分析结果显示,可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质量分数,玉米素核苷、吲哚乙酸、脱落酸质量分数,(w(IAA)+w(ZR))/w(GA_3)、(w(IAA)+w(ZR))/w(ABA),与北美冬青开花、结实量呈正相关,全磷质量分数与开花量呈显著负相关,内源激素、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质量分数与开花量、结实量有较强的相关性。较高水平的激素及可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白是保证开花、结实量较为理想的条件。Through paraffin sectioning combined with phenological observations, the flower bud differentiation process of Ilex vericillata was divided into five stages: early flower bud differentiation (P1), inflorescence primordium differentiation (P2), calyx primordium differentiation (P3), petal primordium differentiation (P4), and stamen and pistil primordium differentiation (P5). Changes in endogenous hormone concentrations (gibberellin (GA_(3)), abscisic acid (ABA), zeatin riboside (ZR), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), ( w (IAA)+ w (ZR))/ w (ABA), ( w (IAA)+ w (ZR))/ w (GA_(3)), and w (GA_(3))/ w (ABA)), as well as the mass fractions of branch mineral (carbon, nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus) and ratios (carbon and nitrogen mass fraction ratios), soluble sugars, and soluble proteins mass fractions were measured. The results showed that the mass fractions of carbon, potassium, nitrogen, phosphorus, endogenous hormones, soluble sugars, and soluble proteins exhibited significant changes throughout the developmental stages. The mass fraction of zeatin riboside reached its peak during the calyx primordium differentiation stage (P3), while the mass fraction of abscisic acid was highest during the petal primordium differentiation stage (P4). The mass fractions of indole-3-acetic acid and gibberellins peaked during the stamen and pistil primordium differentiation stage (P5). The ratio ( w (IAA)+ w (ZR))/ w (GA_(3)) peaked during the calyx primordium differentiation stage (P3), and ( w (IAA)+ w (ZR))/ w (ABA) and w (GA_(3))/ w (ABA) were highest during the stamen and pistil primordium differentiation stage (P5). The mass fractions of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium reached their maximum levels during the calyx primordium differentiation stage (P3), while the mass fraction of carbon and the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio peaked during the stamen and pistil primordium differentiation stage (P5). The changes in soluble sugars and soluble proteins exhibited a similar increasing trend. Analysis of the correlation between the internal com

关 键 词：北美冬青 内源激素 花芽分化 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S792.99[农业科学—林木遗传育种]