不同针阔叶树蒸腾耗水特性及单位面积耗水量估算  

Estimation of Transpiration Water Consumption Characteristics and Water Consumption per Unit Area of Different Coniferous and Broadleaf Trees

作　　者：张禹 赵雯昊 乔沈启 王亚童 李会平[1] 刘炳响[1] Zhang Yu;Zhao Wenhao;Qiao Shenqi;Wang Yatong;Li Huiping;Liu Bingxiang(Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学,保定071000

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2025年第1期112-119,共8页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：雄安新区上游太行山区典型退化林分修复技术研究(22326806D);河北省城市森林健康技术创新中心项目。

摘　　要：为探究针阔叶树种单木蒸腾耗水规律,以河北省雄安新区主要造林树种针叶树油松和阔叶树楸树作为研究对象,运用热扩散式探针法(TDP)对油松(Pinus tabuliformis)、楸树(Catalpa bungei)的树干液流速率进行监测,并调查样木的冠幅、胸径、冠高和冠幅投影面积等林木因子,分析林木耗水量与林木因子的相关性,将实测的林木因子与耗水量拟合,建立不同林木因子与林木耗水量方程。结果表明:(1)不同冠幅投影面积的油松和楸树的液流速率及耗水日变化过程均呈昼高夜低的单峰型曲线;两个树种整体表现为冠幅投影面积越大,液流速率和耗水量越高,楸树的时均耗水量和日累计耗水量均高于油松。(2)两个树种的耗水量均与冠幅投影面积、冠幅、胸径呈极显著正相关关系(P<0.01);冠幅投影面积与日累计耗水量具有较高的相关性与较好的拟合效果,两树种的日累计耗水与冠幅投影面积的相关系数分别为0.773、0.901,确定系数(R~2)分别为0.596、0.811;油松和楸树平均单位冠幅投影面积日累计耗水量分别为0.290 6、0.302 3 kg·m^(-2)·d^(-1)。To investigate the transpiration water consumption patterns of individual coniferous and broadleaf tree species, this study focused on the main afforestation species in Xiong’an New Area, Hebei Province: the coniferous tree Pinus tabuliformis and the broadleaf tree Catalpa bungei . We used the thermal dissipation probe (TDP) method to monitor the trunk sap flow rates in the stems of both species. Additionally, we measured various tree factors, including crown width, diameter at breast height (DBH), crown height, and crown projection area, to analyze the correlation between water consumption and these tree factors. The measured tree factors were then fitted to water consumption data to establish equations relating different tree factors to transpiration water consumption. The results showed that: (1) The sap flow rates and daily water consumption of P. tabuliformis and C. bungei exhibited a single-peaked curve with higher rates during the day and lower rates at night, regardless of their crown projection area. Overall, as the crown projection area increased, both sap flow rates and water consumption also increased, with the average daily water consumption of C. bungei being higher than that of P. tabuliformis . (2) Water consumption for both species showed a highly significant positive correlation with crown projection area, crown width, and DBH ( P <0.01). The crown projection area had a strong correlation with daily cumulative water consumption and demonstrated good fitting results. The correlation coefficients for daily cumulative water consumption against crown projection area were 0.773 for P. tabuliformis and 0.901 for C. bungei , with determination coefficients ( R 2) of 0.596 and 0.811, respectively. The average daily cumulative water consumption per unit crown projection area for P. tabuliformis and C. bungei were 0.290 6 kg·m^(-2) ·d^(-1) and 0.302 3 kg·m^(-2) ·d^(-1) , respectively.

关 键 词：油松 楸树 液流速率 蒸腾耗水量 无人机技术 冠幅投影面积 

分 类 号：S715.4[农业科学—林学]