金龟子绿僵菌和球孢白僵菌对土沉香土壤可培养微生物群落的影响  

The Effects of Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana on the Soil Cultivable Microbial Community of Aquilaria sinensis

作　　者：赵鹏飞 常明山[1] 蒋学建[1] 邹东霞[1] 钟雅婷[1] Zhao Pengfei;Chang Mingshan;Jiang Xuejian;Zou Dongxia;Zhong Yating(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Superior Timber Trees Resource Cultivation(Guangxi Forestry Research Institute),Nanning 530002,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]广西优良用材林资源培育重点实验室(广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院),南宁530002

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2025年第1期156-163,共8页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：广西优良用材林资源培育重点实验室自主课题项目(2020-A-04-03);中央财政林业科技推广示范项目([2022]TG21号);广西林业科技推广示范项目(桂林科研[2022]第2号)。

摘　　要：为研究施用生防菌对植株根际和根围土壤可培养微生物的影响,以土沉香(Aquilaria sinensis)为试验材料,应用生防菌悬浮液浇灌以及微生物分离培养等方法,进行了金龟子绿僵菌(Metarhizium anisopliae)和球孢白僵菌(Beauveria bassiana)对土沉香土壤可培养微生物多样性和菌落结构变化研究。结果表明:金龟子绿僵菌在土壤中的留存活性高于球孢白僵菌。金龟子绿僵菌在培养7 d后,种群密度达到峰值,根际和根围分别为539.002×10^(4)、776.041×10^(4)菌落/g,之后逐渐下降,并在后续时段内维持较低水平;球孢白僵菌的种群密度同样呈现下降趋势,但下降速率较金龟子绿僵菌慢,培养35 d时,根际和根围数量分别为0.299×10^(4)、1.071×10^(4)菌落/g。生防菌的施用对土壤真菌、细菌和放线菌产生了不同影响,金龟子绿僵菌显著提高了根际和根围土壤中放线菌数量,培养35 d时,分别为对照组的2.53、1.90倍;球孢白僵菌则降低了根际的真菌数量,培养35 d时,数量为对照组的30.62%,并降低了根围的真菌、细菌和放线菌数量。金龟子绿僵菌处理后,短期内提高了根际微生物总量,14 d时为对照组的1.15倍,但降低了根围微生物总量;球孢白僵菌处理使可培养微生物总量缓慢下降,培养35 d时,根际和根围微生物总量分别为对照组的82.76%、61.37%。综上所述,金龟子绿僵菌和球孢白僵菌对土沉香根际和根围土壤微生物群落结构及种群变化有显著影响,对土壤可培养微生物群落的影响因生防菌种类的不同而有所差异。To investigate the effects of applying biocontrol agents on the cultivable microorganisms in the rhizosphere and rhizoplane soil of plants, Aquilaria sinensis was used as the experimental material. Through methods such as irrigation with biocontrol agent suspensions and microbial isolation and cultivation, this study examined the impact of Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana on the diversity and community structure changes of cultivable soil microorganisms associated with A. sinensis . The results showed that the survival activity of M. anisopliae in the soil was higher than that of B. bassiana . After 7 days of cultivation, the population density of M. anisopliae peaked, reaching 539.002×10^(4) and 776.041×10^(4) colony-forming units (CFU)/g in the rhizosphere and root zone, respectively, and then gradually declined, maintaining a low level in subsequent periods. Similarly, the population density of B. bassiana showed a downward trend, but the rate of decline was slower compared to M. anisopliae , with population densities of 0.299×10^(4) and 1.071×10^(4) CFU/g in the rhizosphere and root zone, respectively, after 35 days of cultivation. The application of biocontrol agents had different effects on soil fungi, bacteria, and actinomycetes. M. anisopliae significantly increased the number of actinomycetes in the rhizosphere and root zone, achieving 2.53 and 1.90 times the control group values after 35 days, respectively. In contrast, B. bassiana reduced the number of fungi in the rhizosphere, with a quantity that was 30.62% of the control group after 35 days, and also decreased the numbers of fungi, bacteria, and actinomycetes in the root zone. After treatment with M. anisopliae , the total microbial quantity in the rhizosphere increased in the short term, reaching 1.15 times that of the control group at 14 days, while the total microbial quantity in the root zone decreased. Treatment with B. bassiana led to a slow decline in the total cultivable microbial quantity, which was 82.76% and 61.37% of the

关 键 词：土沉香 金龟子绿僵菌 球孢白僵菌 土壤 微生物群落 

分 类 号：S769[农业科学—森林保护学]