健康和抑郁人群金钱和社会奖赏加工的神经机制  

Neural Mechanism of Monetary and Social Reward Processing in Healthy and Depressed Populations

作　　者：李思瑾 汤煜尧 张丹丹[1] Li Sijin;Tang Yuyao;Zhang Dandan(Institute of Brain and Psychological Sciences,Sichuan Normal University,Chengdu,610066)

机构地区：[1]四川师范大学脑与心理科学研究院,成都610066

出　　处：《心理科学》2024年第6期1317-1327,共11页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32271102,31920103009);国家社会科学基金(20&ZD153)的资助。

摘　　要：奖赏是目标导向行为的强大驱动力。奖赏加工缺陷是抑郁症的核心症状之一,严重影响认知功能和日常生活。考察健康和抑郁人群金钱和社会奖赏加工的研究发现,阈下抑郁和抑郁障碍患者均表现出奖赏期待降低、快感体验减弱等异常,表现为眶额叶、背外侧前额叶-伏隔核、壳核等奖赏回路对奖赏线索神经反应减弱,背侧前扣带回和前脑岛活动异常等。相比于金钱奖赏加工缺陷,抑郁人群对社会奖赏的期待和体验受损更为明显。未来研究应在严格控制奖赏水平的基础上,结合脑调控技术瞄准奖赏受损脑区,探索有前景的干预方案,并利用人工智能设备为社会奖赏功能的诊治提供新思路。Monetary and social rewards(e.g.,praise)are common incentives that drive motivation and reinforce behaviors linked to future gains.Individuals with depression often confront social dysfunction and anhedonia,a diminished interest in pleasurable activities,raising questions about potential differences in the neural mechanisms that process these rewards.This review summarizes the neural processes involved in the processing of monetary and social rewards at two critical stages:anticipation and consumption.It first examines how these rewards activate neural systems in healthy individuals,before exploring the alterations in reward processing observed in those with subclinical depression and depressive disorders.Lastly,the review identifies unresolved questions in this field and aims to inspire future research that will deepen our understanding and inform clinical strategies for treating anhedonia symptoms.Neuroimaging evidence using the broadly applied incentive delay tasks has connected reward processing to brain reward circuits,particularly the ventral striatum.Specifically,studies in healthy populations demonstrate that compared to non-reward cues,anticipating monetary and social rewards elicited heightened activations in the reward and action preparation brain networks,including the nucleus accumbens,caudate,and supplementary motor area.Social rewards additionally engage the mentalizing system for social signal evaluation,involving areas such as the temporoparietal junction and precuneus.EEG studies indicate that components such as cue-P3,contingent negative variation(CNV),and stimulus-preceding negativity(SPN)elicited by reward cues serve as markers of anticipatory responses,with more desirable rewards yielding larger amplitudes.During reward consumption,enhanced activation is observed in the orbitofrontal cortex(OFC)/ventromedial prefrontal cortex(VMPFC),brain regions involved in encoding the value of either monetary or social reward feedback.Notably,there is limited evidence suggesting neural differences in proc

关 键 词：抑郁 快感缺失 金钱奖赏 社会奖赏 伏隔核 

分 类 号：R338[医药卫生—人体生理学]