面向双层区块链的人车分离信任管理方案  

Trust management scheme for driver-vehicle separation on dual-layer blockchain

作　　者：张海波 黄泓龙[2] 李方伟 徐勇军 ZHANG Haibo;HUANG Honglong;LI Fangwei;XU Yongjun(Chongqing Key Laboratory of Public Big Data Security Technology,Chongqing 401420,China;School of Communications and Information Engineering,Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Chongqing 400065,China)

机构地区：[1]公共大数据安全技术重庆市重点实验室,重庆401420 [2]重庆邮电大学通信与信息工程学院,重庆400065

出　　处：《通信学报》2024年第11期59-71,共13页Journal on Communications

基　　金：国家重点研发计划基金资助项目(No.SQ2023YFB250002402);国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.62371082,No.62271094);公共大数据安全技术重庆市重点实验室开放基金资助项目(No.CQKL-QJ202300002);重庆市留创计划创新类基金资助项目(No.cx2020059)。

摘　　要：针对车联网中车辆与驾驶员信任关系混乱导致的信任偏差问题,提出了一种基于双层区块链的人车分离信任管理方案,构建了由长期驾驶员信誉区块链和临时车辆信誉区块链组成的双层区块链架构,旨在降低系统存储负载并提升信任管理效率。首先,设计了基于模糊提取的双重密钥人车认证方法,以建立稳定的人车信任链接关系。其次,通过综合直接交互、间接交互和信息质量评价等多维度指标,全面评估了车辆信誉。此外,设计了自适应调整组规模实用拜占庭容错(AS-PBFT)共识算法,以优化共识规模和降低共识时间。最后,通过仿真实验验证结果表明,所提方案在恶意车辆识别率和区块链共识速率性能上优于现有方案。Aiming at the trust bias caused by chaotic trust relationships between vehicles and drivers in the Internet of ve‐hicles,a driver-vehicle separation trust management scheme based on dual-layer blockchain was proposed,a dual-layer blockchain architecture consisting of a permanent driver reputation blockchain and a temporary vehicle reputation block‐chain was constructed,aiming to reduce system storage load and improve trust management efficiency.Firstly,a dual-key driver-vehicle authentication method based on fuzzy extraction was designed to establish a stable driver-vehicle trust link.Secondly,vehicle reputation was comprehensively evaluated using multidimensional indicators including direct in‐teraction,indirect interaction,and information quality assessment.Additionally,the adaptive size-practical Byzantine fault tolerance(AS-PBFT)consensus algorithm was designed to optimize the consensus scale and reduce consensus time.Finally,through simulation experiments,it is shown that the proposed scheme outperforms existing schemes in terms of malicious vehicle identification rate and blockchain consensus speed.

关 键 词：车联网 区块链 信任管理 人车信任 

分 类 号：TN92[电子电信—通信与信息系统]