赣州市居民住宅室内空气污染状况分析  

Indoor air pollution in residential buildings in Ganzhou city

作　　者：雷琼[1] 宋孝光[2] 何娟 陈如意 赵海玲[1] 邓洁 LEI Qiong;SONG Xiao-guang;HE Juan;CHEN Ru-yi;ZHAO Hai-ling;DENG Jie(Ganzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Ganzhou 341000,China;Jiangxi Provincial Center for Disease)

机构地区：[1]赣州市疾病预防控制中心,赣州341000 [2]江西省疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《环境卫生学杂志》2024年第12期995-1000,共6页JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE

基　　金：赣州市指导性科技计划项目(GZ2022ZQT008)。

摘　　要：目的了解赣州市住宅室内空气污染现状,分析室内空气潜在的健康影响因素。方法2023年随机抽取赣州市60户家庭120个监测点(客厅和卧室),夏季和冬季分别对室内空气中物理性、化学性及生物性指标进行采样和检测,参考《室内空气质量标准》(GB/T 18883-2022)中的标准值进行判断。结果所采集样品中,风速均达要求;110份样品温度适宜(45.83%);148份样品湿度适宜(61.67%);苯、甲苯、二甲苯、NO_(2)、CO、O 3、SO 2均达标,达标率100%;室内空气中存在CO 2、PM 10、PM_(2.5)、NH 3、甲醛和TVOC污染,达标率分别为98.33%、59.17%、3.75%、99.17%、95.01%和97.92%;213份样品细菌总数达标(88.75%)。与夏季相比,冬季的相对湿度达标率较低,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=29.43,P<0.001),其它指标夏冬两季检测结果达标率差异均无统计学意义。相关分析显示,夏冬两季室内空气中PM 10和PM_(2.5)均与相对湿度呈正相关(r值分别为0.679、0.683、0.365和0.392,P<0.01)。结论赣州市居民住宅室内空气主要污染物为颗粒物和细菌总数。Objective To investigate the current status of indoor air pollution in residential buildings in Ganzhou,China,to analyze the potential health impact factors in indoor air.Methods A total of 120 monitoring sites(living rooms and bedrooms)were randomly selected from 60 households in Ganzhou,and indoor air samples were collected in summer and winter to test the physical,chemical,and biological indicators of indoor air,which were assessed according to the standard values in the Standards for Indoor Air Quality(GB/T 18883-2022).Results All samples met the requirements for wind speed;110 samples(45.83%)had a suitable temperature,and 148 samples(61.67%)had a suitable humidity.The rate of reaching the standard was 100%for benzene,toluene,xylene,NO_(2),CO,O 3,and SO 2.The pollution of CO 2,PM 10,PM_(2.5),NH3,formaldehyde,and TVOC was observed in indoor air,with a rate of reaching the standard of 98.33%,59.17%,3.75%,99.17%,95.01%,and 97.92%,respectively.A total of 213 samples reached the standard for the total number of bacteria,with a rate of reaching the standard of 88.75%.In summer,there were no significant differences between the living room and the bedroom in all chemical indices except formaldehyde(t=-2.979,P<0.01),and in winter,there were no significant differences between the living room and the bedroom in all chemical indices except CO 2,PM 10,PM_(2.5),and TVOC(t=-4.389,1.846,1.708,and 1.745,P<0.05).Compared with summer,the rate of reaching the standard of relative humidity in winter was lower,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=29.43,P<0.001),There was no significant difference in the rate of reaching the standard of other indicators between summer and winter.The correlation analysis showed that PM 10 and PM_(2.5)in indoor air were positively correlated with relative humidity in summer and winter(r=0.679,0.683,0.365,and 0.392,respectively,P<0.01).Conclusion Indoor air pollution is observed in residential buildings in Ganzhou,with the main pollutants of particulate matter and total number of ba

关 键 词：室内空气 污染物 颗粒物 细菌总数 

分 类 号：R122[医药卫生—环境卫生学]