基于相变储热的集成式太阳能集热器研究进展  

Research progress of integrated solar collector based on phase-change heat storage

作　　者：艾雄杰 袁俊 吕伟中 万力 AI Xiongjie;YUAN Jun;LYU Weizhong;WAN Li(Gansu Natural Energy Research Institute,Lanzhou 730046,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃自然能源研究所,甘肃兰州730046

出　　处：《储能科学与技术》2024年第12期4409-4420,共12页Energy Storage Science and Technology

基　　金：甘肃自然能源研究所青年科技创新计划项目(2020QN-01);兰州市科技计划项目(2022-2-32)。

摘　　要：太阳能集热器固有的间歇性和季节性特征,使其运行稳定性常受到挑战,而相变材料(PCM)凭借其出色的储热密度和恒温相变特性,被视为一种极具潜力的能源载体,为加强集热器稳定性开辟了新的研究路径。本文介绍了相变储热技术与太阳能集热器集成的能量分析方法和(火用)分析方法,得出集成式集热器性能评价指标和经济性分析指标,同时概述了集成式集热器中PCM的两种主要封装方式,几何封装和整体封装,而且不同类型集热器所采用的封装方式不同。接着详细探讨了集成PCM对平板集热器、真空管集热器及光伏/热(PV/T)集热器性能和经济性的影响,并针对PCM导热性不佳的问题,综述了当前优化集成式集热器性能的主要技术,包括添加翅片以增大换热面积、提升PCM自身的导热性及应用微热管技术以提高传热效率三种强化传热技术。最后,综合评估了集成PCM对太阳能集热器综合性能及经济性的影响,并对集成式集热器的优化方向和研究重点进行了展望,旨在进一步提升其实用性,为促进可再生能源的高效、广泛应用贡献力量。Solar collectors are frequently challenged by their inherent intermittency and seasonality.However,phase-change materials(PCMs)are considered a highly promising energy carrier due to their excellent thermal storage density and constant phase-change characteristics,providing a new research direction for enhancing collector stability.This paper presents the energy and exergy analysis methods for integrating phase change thermal storage technology with solar collectors and derives performance evaluation and economic analysis indicators for integrated collectors.It also summarizes that the packaging methods for PCMs in integrated collectors primarily include geometric and integral packaging,and different types of collectors use different packaging methods.Second,the paper discusses the impact of integrating PCMs on the performance and economic benefits of flat plate collectors,vacuum tube collectors,and photovoltaic/thermal collectors.It summarizes the primary technologies for optimizing the performance of integrated collectors,including increasing the heat transfer area by adding fins,enhancing the thermal conductivity of PCMs,and improving the heat transfer efficiency using micro-heat pipe technology.Finally,the impact of integrated PCMs on the comprehensive performance and economic feasibility of solar collectors was summarized.The optimization and research direction of integrated collectors were prospected to enhance their practical applicability and contribute to the efficient use of renewable energy.

关 键 词：太阳能集热器 相变储热 集热器效率 强化传热 

分 类 号：TK513.5[动力工程及工程热物理—热能工程]