固定床法制备锂离子电池硅碳负极材料及其储锂性能研究  

Preparation of silicon carbon anode for lithium-ion batteries by fixed bed and lithium storage properties

作　　者：吴德威 汪郑鹏 周玥 李晓宁 陈招 李卓 刘成伟 李学刚[1] 肖文德[1] WU Dewei;WANG Zhengpeng;ZHOU Yue;LI Xiaoning;CHEN Zhao;LI Zhuo;LIU Chengwei;LI Xuegang;XIAO Wende(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学化学化工学院,上海200240

出　　处：《化工学报》2024年第S01期300-308,共9页CIESC Journal

摘　　要：以导电炭黑为碳基底,以SiH_(4)为硅源前体,采用固定床CVD反应器制备锂离子电池硅碳复合负极材料。分别考察了SiH_(4)单独沉积及其与C_(2)H_(4)共沉积两种方案,并研究了以C_(2)H_(4)为碳源碳包覆对样品储锂性能的影响。实验结果表明,SiH_(4)单独沉积会形成尺寸较小的Si纳米颗粒,且随沉积温度提高,Si的负载量降低。SiH_(4)和C_(2)H_(4)共沉积过程会形成C@SiC复合结构,且随C_(2)H_(4)比例增加,单质硅的结晶度和晶粒尺寸降低。在硅碳共沉积和碳包覆条件下,则会形成Si、SiC和C三种晶体共存复合结构,有助于提高样品材料的循环性能,但比容量明显下降。Utilizing conductive carbon black as the substrate and SiH_(4)as the silicon source precursor,silicon-carbon composite anode material were prepared for lithium-ion batteries via a fixed bed CVD reactor.Two schemes were studied:sole deposition of SiH_(4)and its co-deposition with C_(2)H_(4).Additionally,the impact of carbon encapsulation using C_(2)H_(4)as the carbon source on the lithium storage performance was investigated.The experimental results reveal that sole SiH_(4)deposition yields smaller Si nanoparticles,with a reduction in Si loading as the deposition temperature increases.During the co-deposition of SiH_(4)and C_(2)H_(4),C@SiC composite structure is formed,and the crystallinity and grain size of elemental silicon decrease with the increase of C_(2)H_(4)proportion.Under the co-deposition of SiH_(4)/C_(2)H_(4)and C_(2)H_(4)carbon coating conditions,a composite structure featuring coexistent Si,SiC,and C crystals is observed,enhancing sample material cycling performance albeit with a notable decrease in capacity.

关 键 词：固定床 气相沉积法 锂离子电池 硅碳负极 复合材料 电化学 

分 类 号：TQ152[化学工程—电化学工业]