从《西域全书》所记看清王朝与布鲁克巴宗藩关系的建立  

The Establishment of the Suzerain-Vassal Relationship Between the Qing Dynasty and Bhutan Recor⁃ded in Xiyu Quanshu

作　　者：赵心愚[1] Zhao Xinyu

机构地区：[1]西南民族大学民族研究院,四川成都610041

出　　处：《上海地方志》2024年第3期32-38,94,95,共9页Shanghai Chronicles

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“西藏地方志资料的整理与研究”(17ZDA159)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：《西域全书》成书于乾隆初年,对《西藏志考》《西藏志》诸书影响较大。此书在清代西藏地方志中最早对布鲁克巴进行了记载,相关记载分见于“招徕土地”“附录”和“道途全载”三目。其中,“招徕土地”的资料相对丰富且带有综合性,简要记布鲁克巴情况及清王朝与布鲁克巴宗藩关系的建立经过。分析其所记并结合其他文献资料,可了解认识清王朝与布鲁克巴宗藩关系建立的几方面背景。深入分析《西域全书》及清有关档案文献所记,雍正时期至乾隆初年建立的是清王朝与布鲁克巴的宗藩关系,颇罗鼐与清驻藏大臣在平息布鲁克巴内乱和清王朝与布鲁克巴宗藩关系建立中都发挥了重要作用,也都作出了历史贡献。Xiyu Quanshu(Complete Book of the Western Regions)was completed in the early years of the Qianlong period and had a great influence on books such as Xizang Zhi Kao(Examination of the Annals of Xizang)and Xizang Zhi(Annals of Xizang).It was the earliest among local chronicles of Xizang in the Qing Dynasty to mention Bhutan,which can be found in three sections:“Attracting Lands,”“Appendix,”and“Complete Records of Roads.”The materials in“Attrac⁃ting Lands”are relatively rich and comprehensive,which give a brief introduction about Bhutan and how the Qing Dynasty and Bhutan established the suzerain-vassal relationship.By analyzing what is recorded in it as well as other documentary materials, this paper offers an insight from several aspects into the background for the establishment of the suzerain - vassalrelationship between the Qing Dynasty and Bhutan. Through in - depth analysis of Xiyu Quanshu and relevant archival doc⁃uments of the Qing Dynasty, it can be seen that the suzerain - vassal relationship between the Qing Dynasty and Bhutan wasestablished from the Yongzheng period to the early years of the Qianlong period, and that both Polhanas and Amban, thegrand minister resident in Xizang played important roles and made historical contributions in quelling the internal unrest inBhutan and establishing the suzerain - vassal relationship between the Qing Dynasty and Bhutan.

关 键 词：《西域全书》 布鲁克巴 宗藩关系 颇罗鼐 驻藏大臣 

分 类 号：K29[历史地理—历史学]