油菜功能基因组学研究进展及其育种应用  

Research progress and breeding application of functional genomics in rapeseed(Brassica napus L.)

作　　者：关志林 顾建伟 焦禹顺 夏瑞 刘克德[1] 洪登峰 GUAN Zhi-lin;GU Jian-wei;JIAO Yu-shun;XIA Rui;LIU Ke-de;HONG Deng-feng(College of Plant Science and Technology,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China;College of Life Science and Technology,Hubei Engineering University,Xiaogan 432000,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学植物科学技术学院,湖北武汉430070 [2]湖北工程学院生命科学技术学院,湖北孝感432000

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2024年第6期1187-1202,共16页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1200400);国家自然科学基金青年基金(32201791);中国博士后科学基金(2020M682440)。

摘　　要：油菜是我国食用植物油的主要来源之一,兼有饲用、菜用、蜜用、观光、盐碱地改良和工业等多种用途。随着基因组测序、基因分型和表型鉴定技术的快速发展和广泛应用,油菜重要育种目标性状相关基因的挖掘与功能研究进展迅速。本文总结了油菜重要性状的功能基因组学研究进展,综述了目前定位及克隆的油菜产量、品质、开花期、株型和抗性等重要农艺性状的关键基因及功能,讨论了其在油菜分子设计育种中的应用价值和利用策略,将为更高效地培育油菜优良品种提供有益参考。Rapeseed(Brassica napus L.)was one of the major sources for edible vegetable oil in China,which also has various uses for feeding,adoption,honey,sightseeing,soil improvement and industry.With rapid development and wide application of new techniques in genome sequencing,genotyping,and phenotyping,major achievements in functional genomics have been achieved in B.napus in recent years,including identification and cloning of genes related to agronomically important traits.Here we summarized the research progress of rapeseed functional genomics,listed the key genes and their functions controling agronomically traits such as seed yield,seed quality,flowering time,plant architecture and resistance to biotic and abiotic factors,and discussed the application potential and strategies of these key genes in breeding by molecular design in B.napus.This review might provide a valuable reference for cultivating excellent rapeseed cultivars and would be of great significance to ensuring the safety of oil supply in terms to key germplasms in China.

关 键 词：油菜 功能基因 基因组 育种 农艺性状 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]