胡麻氮素营养及高效利用研究进展  

Research progress on nitrogen application of oil flax

作　　者：文明 高玉红[1,2] 吴兵 王一帆 剡斌[1,2] 崔政军 徐鹏 王海娣[1,2] WEN Ming;GAO Yu-hong;WU Bing;WANG Yi-fan;YAN Bin;CUI Zheng-jun;XU Peng;WANG Hai-di(College of Agromony,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Arid land Crop,Lanzhou 730070,China;College of Life Sciences and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学农学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃省干旱生境作物学国家重点实验室,甘肃兰州730070 [3]甘肃农业大学生命科学技术学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2024年第6期1222-1231,共10页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：甘肃省教育科技创新产业支撑计划项目(2021CYZC-38);甘肃省科技厅:技术创新引导计划-科技特派团专题(23CXNA0035);财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-14-1-16);中央引导地方科技发展专项基金(ZCYD-2021-12);甘肃农业大学干旱生境作物学重点实验室主任基金课题(GSCS-2020-Z6);甘肃农业大学伏羲杰出人才项目(Gaufx-02J05)。

摘　　要：氮肥的施用虽然能够提高作物产量和经济效益,但是不合理的施氮会造成作物减产、资源浪费和一系列环境问题。在此背景下,如何实现胡麻产量与氮素利用率的协同提高是生产中面临的一项重要挑战。本文介绍了胡麻的生物学特性及氮素需求,阐明了施氮对胡麻生长发育、生理及产量的影响,综述了影响胡麻氮素吸收利用效率的因素,总结了胡麻生产和研究中存在的问题,并对今后的生产及研究工作进行了展望。The application of nitrogen fertilizer can improve crop yield and economic benefits.However,improp⁃er nitrogen application may lead to reduced crop yield,resources wastage and a series of environmental problems.Therefore,how to improve flax seed yield and nitrogen fertilizer utilization efficiency at the same time is an important challenge in the producing process.This paper reviews the biological characteristics of oil flax regarding nitrogen de⁃mand,the effects of nitrogen application on flax growth,physiology and yield,the factors influencing nitrogen absorp⁃tion and utilization efficiency from agricultural measures,and summarize problems existing in the production.In addi⁃tion,the future research was expected to provide reference for improving nitrogen use efficiency of oil flax.

关 键 词：胡麻 氮素 生长 氮素利用 生理过程 

分 类 号：S565.9[农业科学—作物学]