基于STPA和Bow-Tie模型的地面无人平台系统安全分析方法  

System Safety Analysis of Unmanned Ground Vehicles Based on STPA Method and Bow-Tie Model

作　　者：肖扬 苏波 纪超 杨德真[2] 周桐 XIAO Yang;SU Bo;JI Chao;YANG Dezhen;ZHOU Tong(China North Artificial Intelligence&Innovation Research Institute,Beijing 100072,China;School of Reliability and Systems Engineering,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China;Collective Intelligence&Collaboration Laboratory,Beijing 100072,China)

机构地区：[1]中兵智能创新研究院有限公司,北京100072 [2]北京航空航天大学可靠性与系统工程学院,北京100191 [3]群体协同与自主实验室,北京100072

出　　处：《兵工学报》2024年第S02期153-161,共9页Acta Armamentarii

摘　　要：随着地面无人平台(Unmanned Ground Vehicles,UGVs)在复杂作业环境中的潜在应用和战略价值日益凸显,确保其自主行为的安全性变得至关重要。提出一种结合系统理论过程分析(System-Theoretic Process Analysis,STPA)和Bow-Tie模型的地面无人平台系统安全分析方法。围绕遥控操作地面无人平台系统安全,通过STPA方法识别UGV系统中的不安全控制行为及其潜在风险,并利用Bow-Tie模型分析从损失致因场景到可能事故后果的事件链,得到风险传播路径和风险扩散路径。最终,基于Bow-Tie分析结果确定主被动安全分级控制措施,并通过自主安全控制器实现了系统安全管理。As the potential applications and strategic value of unmanned ground vehicles(UGVs)in complex operational environments become increasingly prominent,the safety of their autonomous actions is of paramount importance.This paper proposes a system safety analysis method for UGV,which combines the system-theoretic process analysis(STPA)method and the Bow-Tie model.Focusing on the safety of teleoperated UGVs,the STPA method is utilized to identify the unsafe control actions(UCAs)within the UGV system and their associated latent risks.Subsequently,the Bow-Tie model is utilized to analyze the event chain from loss causation scenarios to potential accident consequences,thereby delineating the risk propagation and diffusion pathways.Ultimately,the active and passive safety stratified control measures are determined based on the Bow-Tie analysis,and the system safety management is realized through an autonomous safety controller.

关 键 词：地面无人平台 自主安全 系统理论过程分析 Bow-Tie 主被动安全控制措施 

分 类 号：TJ810.1[兵器科学与技术—武器系统与运用工程]