俄罗斯社会学发展刍议  

A Preliminary Discussion on the Development of Russian Sociology

作　　者：卫晓 列别丁采娃L.A. Wei Xiao;Lebedintseva L.A.(Zhejiang International Studies University,Hangzhou,China 310023;St Petersburg University,St.Petersburg,Russia 199034)

机构地区：[1]浙江外国语学院,中国杭州310023 [2]圣彼得堡国立大学,俄罗斯圣彼得堡199034

出　　处：《西部学刊》2024年第23期161-164,共4页Journal of Western

基　　金：浙江省哲学社会科学规划课题“俄汉心理联想模型对比研究——以‘医学’联想实验为例”(编号:24NDQN107YB);俄罗斯科学基金课题“俄罗斯社会学民族特殊性与国家需求研究”(编号:грантРНФ№24-28-01448)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：受西方社会学思潮影响,俄罗斯社会学始于十九世纪中叶,自兴起历经沙俄、苏联和俄罗斯联邦三种截然不同的政体。沙俄时期,俄国出现了早期的社会学家,沙俄的社会学经历了从实证主义、反实证主义到新实证主义的演变,属于资产阶级社会学的探索阶段。苏联时期,社会学发展获得了国家的支持,以历史唯物主义为指导的马克思主义社会学在苏联学界占据主流地位,在实践活动中总结出了“三层次论”。苏联解体后,俄罗斯社会学科学研究持续发展,社会需求和年轻人对社会学的兴趣促进着社会学教育,俄罗斯的社会转型、民族等问题成为热点,数字社会学出现并获得了发展。Influenced by Western sociological trends of thought,Russian sociology originated in the mid-19th century,and since its emergence,it has gone through three completely different political regimes:Tsarist Russia,the Soviet Union,and the Russian Federation.During the Tsarist Russia period,early sociologists emerged in Russia,and the sociology of Tsarist Russia underwent an evolution from positivism,to anti-positivism,and then to neo-positivism,which was the exploratory stage of bourgeois sociology.During the Soviet Union period,the development of sociology received support from the state,and Marxist sociology guided by historical materialism occupied the mainstream position in the academic circles of the Soviet Union,and the“three-level theory”was summarized in practical activities.After the disintegration of the Soviet Union,the scientific research in Russian sociology continued to develop,and social demands and the interest of young people in sociology promoted sociology education,and issues such as social transformation and ethnicity in Russia became hot topics,and digital sociology emerged and developed.

关 键 词：社会学 俄罗斯社会学 唯物主义思想 社会变迁 

分 类 号：C91-09[经济管理]