关于条件说之缺陷的反思  

Reflections on the Limitations of the Theory of Conditions

作　　者：陈建清 刘炳岩 Chen Jianqing;Liu Bingyan(Law School of Guangdong University of Finance&Economics,Guangzhou,Guangdong,510320)

机构地区：[1]广东财经大学法学院,广东广州510320

出　　处：《山东警察学院学报》2024年第4期36-46,共11页Journal of Shandong Police College

摘　　要：条件说与相当因果关系说、客观归责理论的区别在于,条件关系能否直接作为刑事责任的客观基础。根据相当因果关系说和客观归责理论的基本立场,条件说并不存在扩大原因范围的缺陷。借助实行行为理论和主观限制理论避免条件关系说扩大处罚范围,是条件说与相当因果关系说、客观归责理论的共同主张。关于因果关系判断的争论是围绕介入因素型因果关系而展开的。“无前者即无后者”公式意指必要条件因果关系,而假定的因果关系、可替代的充分条件和二重的因果关系属于充分条件因果关系,在这些因果关系中对条件说的批评缺乏逻辑前提。重叠的因果关系与合义务的择一举动属于必要条件因果联系,根据条件公式判断因果关系并不会产生缘于学说差异的争议。he distinction between the theory of conditions,the theory of equivalent causation and the theory of objective imputation lies in whether conditional relationships can directly serve as the objective basis for criminal liability.According to the basic stances of the theory of equivalent causation and the theory of objective imputation,the theory of conditions does not inherently expand the range of causation.Using the theory of conduct and subjective limitation theory to prevent the expansion of punishment scope is a shared approach among these theories.Debates on causation judgments primarily focus on causation involving intervening factors.The“conditio sine qua non”formula denotes necessary condition causation,while hypothetical causation,alternative sufficient conditions,and double causation belong to sufficient condition causation.Criticisms of the theory of conditions lack logical grounding in these contexts.Overlapping causation and acts in compliance with obligations pertain to necessary condition causation,and applying the conditional formula to determine causation does not lead to disputes arising from doctrinal differences.

关 键 词：条件公式 相当性 法律原因 客观归责 介入因素 必要条件 

分 类 号：D914[政治法律—刑法学]