五轴机床后处理非线性误差精确插补算法  

Accurate Interpolation Algorithm for Nonlinear Errors in Post-processing of Five-axis Machine Tools

作　　者：徐世昌 杨文安[1] 鄢雪峰 XU Shichang;YANG Wenan;YAN Xuefeng(Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China;AVIC Aeronautical Simulation System Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200241,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学,江苏南京210016 [2]中航航空模拟系统有限公司,上海200241

出　　处：《机械制造与自动化》2024年第6期47-52,共6页Machine Building & Automation

基　　金：南京航空航天大学研究生科研与实践创新计划项目(xcxjh20210507)。

摘　　要：针对五轴AC双转台数控机床后处理存在的非线性误差问题,提出一种精确插补算法。采用齐次变换矩阵实现机床逆解,采用旋转量最小法筛选多解。对于常规非线性误差采用矢量插补,对于奇异非线性误差采用线性插补,将插补产生的新非线性误差精确控制在目标值的95%~100%之间,仿真表明该方法可以有效控制误差精度。曲面零件加工实验结果表明:该方法相对于传统中点迭代插补方法能够减少18%的NC数据量和13.7%的加工时间,同时改善切削力与表面粗糙度。A compensation algorithm with accurate interpolation is proposed for the nonlinear error problem in the post-processing of existing five-axis AC double rotary table CNC machines.The inverse solution of machine motion is realized by using the homogeneous transformation matrix,and the multi-solution screening is performed by using the rotation amount minimization method.Exact vector interpolation is used for non-singular nonlinear errors,and exact linear interpolation is applied for singular nonlinear errors to precisely control the new nonlinear errors generated by each interpolation between 95%and 100%of the target value.Simulations show that the method can effectively control the error accuracy.And the experimental results of surface part machining show that the proposed method,in comparison with the traditional midpoint iterative interpolation one,can reduce the amount of NC data by 18%and the machining time by 13.7%and improve the cutting force and surface roughness as well.

关 键 词：五轴后置处理 非线性误差 奇异问题 线性插补 矢量插补 

分 类 号：TH161[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TG502.12[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]