马来西亚环境影响评估制度框架特点、不足及未来走向  

Characteristics,Limitations and Prospects of Malaysia's Environmental Impact Assessment Framework

作　　者：熊超[1] 黄蕴蓉 Xiong Chao;Huang Yunrong(Guangxi University,Nanning,530004,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学法学院,广西南宁530004

出　　处：《东南亚纵横》2024年第6期70-81,共12页Crossroads：Southeast Asian Studies

基　　金：广西哲学社会科学基金一般项目“中国-东盟国家企业环境监管法律制度比较研究”(23BFX005)。

摘　　要：马来西亚结合本国国情对引入的环境影响评估制度进行本土化改造。以不同中心解释“污染”和“环境”的概念,体现出“环境-社会”二元立法目的。结合马来西亚历史、文化原因,赋予州政府一定自主权,以双层制度构建保障马来西亚环境影响评估制度整体顺利运行。但是,该制度在有效性方面仍存在不足,主要表现为公众参与程度不充分、累积影响评估准确性较低和政治利益不当逾位3个方面。受国际议题的影响,马来西亚在环境影响评估制度上展现出贴合气候变化议题、加强森林保护的未来走向。Malaysia has localized the introduced environmental impact assessment(EIA)regime in the context of its na-tional circumstances.The interpretation of the concepts of"pollution"and"environment"in different centres reflects the dual leg-islative purposes of"environment-society".Following Malaysia's history and culture,the state government is given a certain de-gree of autonomy to ensure the smooth operation of the Malaysian EIA system as a whole with a two-tier system.However,there are deficiencies in the effectiveness of its EIA system,which are mainly manifested in the insufficient degree of public participa-tion,the low accuracy of cumulative impact assessment and the inappropriate overriding of political interests.Influenced by in-ternational issues,Malaysia has shown a future direction of adapting its EIA system to climate change issues and strengthening forest protection.

关 键 词：环境影响评估 马来西亚环境影响评估程序 制度特点 

分 类 号：D933.8[政治法律—法学] X820.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程]