矿区重构土石体土壤夹层对水分入渗的影响  

Response of Soil Interlayer Structure of the Stacked Debris Body to Rainfall Infiltration

作　　者：吴少阳 张艳[1] 吴川 侯健 张喆 许小烨 邰阳 WU Shao-yang;ZHANG Yan;WU Chuan;HOU Jian;ZHANG Zhe;XU Xiao-ye;TAI Yang(School of Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Sichuan Electric Power Design and Consulting Co.Ltd.,Chengdu 610016,China;Inner Mongolia Academy of Eco-Environmental Sciences Co.Ltd.,Hohhot 010052,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京100083 [2]四川电力设计咨询有限责任公司,四川成都610016 [3]内蒙古生态环境科学研究院有限公司,内蒙古呼和浩特010052

出　　处：《生态与农村环境学报》2024年第12期1656-1663,共8页Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技计划(2023YFDZ0025);国家自然科学基金(41907047)。

摘　　要：为了探究矿区废弃地中重构土石体增添土壤夹层对土体水分入渗的影响,改善其土壤水分条件,恢复当地生态资源环境,采用一维垂直定水头入渗试验,在重构土石体中加入土层,通过改变土层厚度和位置,设纯土以及20%、40%、60%砾石与风干土混合物为对照组(CK_(1)~CK_(4)),并利用正交法设计9组不同处理的试验组(T_(1)~T_(9)),研究不同土层位置和厚度对重构土石体水分入渗的影响。结果表明:(1)砾石的存在影响土壤水分的入渗,CK_(1)~CK_(4)的平均入渗速率分别为0.44、0.14、0.11、0.10 mm·min^(-1),表明当砾石含量高时,对水分入渗起阻碍作用;(2)土壤夹层的存在能够减少水分入渗时间、增大入渗量,砾石含量为20%时,CK_(2)的入渗时间是T_(1)、T_(2)、T_(3)的1~2倍;当砾石含量为60%时,T_(7)的入渗时间大约是T_(9)的3倍、T_(8)的2倍,表明土壤夹层越厚,对水分入渗的促进作用越强;(3)土壤夹层的位置位于中层时,对水分入渗促进效果较明显,上、中、下层的平均入渗时间分别为130、117、160 min;(4)Kostiakov入渗方程与Philip模型都适用于此类土壤夹层的模拟,其中Kostiakov入渗方程表现出更优的拟合效果。研究结果有助于了解重构土石体加入土壤夹层后的水分入渗特征,可为矿区生态恢复和蓄水保土提供理论基础和科学依据。This study investigates the impact of adding soil interlayers into reconstructed soil-rock masses in abandoned mine areas on enhancing soil moisture conditions and facilitate the restoration of local ecological resources and environments.Employing a one-dimensional vertical constant head infiltration test,the study integrates soil layers into loose deposits.By adjusting the thickness and positioning of soil layers,control groups(CK_(1)-CK_(4))are established,comprising pure soil and mixtures of 20%,40%,and 60%gravel with air-dried soil.An orthogonal design is utilized to set up nine different treatment groups(T_(1)-T_(9))to examine the effects of varying soil layer positions and thicknesses on moisture infiltration in loose deposits.The findings reveal that:(1)the presence of gravel impedes soil moisture infiltration,with average infiltration rates for CK_(1)-CK_(4)being 0.44,0.14,0.11,and 0.10 mm·min^(-1),respectively;(2)soil interlayers reduce infiltration time and enhance infiltration volume.Specifically,with a gravel content of 20%,the infiltration time for control group CK_(2)is 1 to 2 times longer than that observed in treatment groups T_(1),T_(2),and T_(3).When the gravel content increased to 60%,the infiltration time for treatment group T_(7)is approximately three times that of T_(9)and two times that of T_(8).This suggests that thicker soil interlayers significantly improve moisture infiltration;(3)soil interlayers positioned in the middle layer exhibit a more pronounced effect in promoting moisture infiltration,with average infiltration times of 130,117,and 160 minutes for the upper,middle,and lower layers,respectively;(4)both the Kostiakov infiltration equation and the Philip model are applicable for simulating such soil interlayers,with the Kostiakov equation demonstrating superior fitting performance,making it more suitable for such applications.These insights contribute to the understanding of moisture infiltration characteristics following the introduction of soil interlayers into reconstructed so

关 键 词：入渗 土壤夹层 累计入渗量 湿润锋 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] P33[天文地球—水文科学] S15[水利工程—水文学及水资源]