2017—2022年深圳市手足口病流行特征及时空聚集性分析  

Analysis of the epidemiological characteristics and spatiotemporal clustering of hand,foot and mouth disease in Shenzhen,2017-2022

作　　者：熊华威[1] 朱远发 程雁鹏 宋丽霞 陈可琪 叶燕芬 张振[1] 陈志高[1] XIONG Huawei;ZHU Yuanfa;CHENG Yanpeng;SONG Lixia;CHEN Keqi;YE Yanfen;ZHANG Zhen;CHEN Zhigao(Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518038,China;Yunfu Center for Disease Control and Prevention;Guangdong Province Field Epidemiology Training Project)

机构地区：[1]深圳市疾病预防控制中心,广东深圳518038 [2]云浮市疾病预防控制中心 [3]广东省现场流行病学培训项目

出　　处：《华南预防医学》2024年第10期936-940,946,共6页South China Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：深圳市医学重点学科(公共卫生重点专科)(SZXK064);深圳市医疗卫生三名工程项目资助(SZSM202011008)。

摘　　要：目的 分析2017—2022年深圳市手足口病流行病学、病原学特征及时空聚集性,为深圳市手足口病疫情防控提供依据。方法 收集2017—2022年深圳市手足口病病例资料和哨点医院监测结果数据,采用描述流行病学方法进行流行特征分析,运用ArcMap 10.8软件进行全局空间自相关及局部空间自相关分析,采用SaTScan 9.0软件基于离散Poisson分布进行时空聚集性分析。结果 2017—2022年深圳市共报告手足口病267 124例,年均报告率为291.60/10万。2017—2019年(新冠疫情前)年均报告率为519.57/10万,高于2020—2022年(新冠疫情期)年均报告率124.33/10万(P<0.01)。全年各月均有病例报告,发病高峰集中在5—7月和9—11月。病例主要集中在3岁及以下年龄组(207 854例,77.81%),以散居儿童(194 214例,72.71%)和幼托儿童(58 641例,21.95%)为主。深圳市10个辖区均有手足口病报告,年均报告率居前3位的分别为福田区(774.47/10万)、光明区(410.97/10万)和龙岗区(266.23/10万)。手足口病病原体以Cox A6和Cox A16为优势毒株。2022年全局空间自相关系数Moran's I有统计学意义(Z=2.688,P<0.05),存在空间聚集性。2017—2022年深圳市手足口病在时间和空间上均存在明显聚集性,一类聚集区主要以宝安区、龙岗区的布吉、福永等街道为中心,聚集时间主要集中在5—11月。结论 2017—2022年深圳市手足口病流行呈现明显的季节、地区和人群分布特征。新冠疫情期手足口病的年均报告率低于疫情前,病例存在明显的时空聚集性。Objective To analyze the epidemiological and etiological characteristics,as well as the spatiotemporal clustering of hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD) in Shenzhen from 2017 to 2022,to inform the policy-making for HFMD prevention and control strategies in the region.Methods Comprehensive data from individual HFMD cases and sentinel hospital surveillance in Shenzhen between 2017 to 2022 were systematically gathered.The epidemic features were analyzed using descriptive epidemiological methods.ArcMap 10.8 software was used for global spatial autocorrelation analysis and local spatial autocorrelation analysis.SaTScan 9.0 software was used for spatiotemporal clustering analysis based on discrete Poisson distribution.Results Over the six-year period,Shenzhen reported a total of 267 124 cases of HFMD,with an average annual reporting rate of 291.60 per 100 000.The average annual reporting rate before the COVID-19 pandemic(2017-2019) was 519.57 per 100 000,which was significantly higher than the rate during the COVID-19 period(2020-2022) at 124.33 per 100 000(P<0.01).HFMD cases were reported throughout the year,with higher incidence observed from May to July and September to November.Most cases occurred in children aged three years and below(207 854 cases,77.81%),particularly among scattered children(194 214 cases,72.71%) and those in early childhood care(58 641 cases,21.95%).HFMD cases were reported across all ten districts of Shenzhen,with Futian District having the highest annual reporting rate at 774.47 per 100 000,followed by Guangming District at 410.97 per 100 000 and Longgang District at 266.23 per 100 000.The predominant strains of HFMD pathogens were Cox A6 and Cox A16.In 2022 there was statistically significant global spatial autocorrelation coefficient Moran′s I(Z=2.688,P<0.05) and spatial aggregation.From 2017 to 2022,HFMD in Shenzhen showed obvious clustering in time and space.The first type of clustering area was mainly centered in the streets of Buji and Fuyong in Bao′an District and Longgang District,a

关 键 词：手足口病 流行病学 病原学 时空聚集性 影响因素 

分 类 号：R183.4[医药卫生—流行病学]