企业年龄如何影响数字化转型的边际:“老当益壮”还是“老气横秋”?  

The Impact of Firm Age on the Marginal Effect of Digital Transformation:“Older and Stronger”or“Old and Stagnant”?

作　　者：祝树金[1] 陈贺 ZHU Shu-jin;CHEN He

机构地区：[1]湖南大学经济与贸易学院

出　　处：《产经评论》2024年第5期45-70,共26页Industrial Economic Review

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“新发展格局下我国制造业高端嵌入全球价值链研究”(项目编号:22&ZD100,项目负责人:祝树金);国家自然科学基金面上项目“‘双循环’新发展格局下我国制造业价值链嵌入影响区域碳排放的机制、模型及实证研究”(项目编号:72173040,项目负责人:祝树金);湖南省研究生创新科研项目“空气污染下的企业环境应激及投资调整效应研究”(项目编号:CX20240028,项目负责人:陈贺)。

摘　　要：数字经济发展机遇下,微观企业的行为逻辑与其内部特征密切相关,企业数字化转型决策亦是如此。基于2007—2020年中国A股上市企业数据,从企业年龄视角分析企业数字化转型的差异化表现。结果显示:越年长的企业采用的数字化技术越单一、应用程度也越低。机制分析发现,年长企业在发展上往往更保守,更多地分布在数字化转型条件不占优的行业,运营管理效率更低,从而牵制其数字化转型。进一步分析发现,具有政企关联的企业并不会因为年长而减缓数字化转型。此外,企业数字化转型在城市范围内存在破窗效应,即企业会模仿同一城市内数字化转型“老气横秋”的企业。因此,应将企业年龄特征等既定差异内置于数字经济发展体系建设规划中,更科学合理地推进企业数字化转型。Under the opportunities presented by the development of the digital economy,the behavioral logic of firms is closely related to their internal characteristics.Based on data from Chinese A-share listed firms between 2007 and 2020,this study analyzes the differentiated performance of enterprise digital transformation from the perspective of firm age.The results show that older firms tend to adopt fewer digital technologies,with lower levels of application.Mechanism analysis reveals that older firms are generally more conservative in their development,are more likely to be concentrated in industries with less favorable conditions for digital transformation,and have lower operational management efficiency,all of which hinder their digital transformation.Further analysis indicates that firms with government-business links do not slow down their digital transformation due to their age.Additionally,a broken window effect exists within cities,meaning that firms tend to imitate other firms in the same city that are relatively aged and slow in their digital transformation.Therefore,it is necessary to incorporate inherent differences such as firm age characteristics into the development framework of the digital economy and promote digital transformation in a more scientific and reasonable manner.

关 键 词：数字化转型 企业年龄 保守倾向 同群效应 破窗效应 

分 类 号：F062.9[经济管理—政治经济学]