新疆维吾尔自治区农村人群2型糖尿病发病状况及影响因素的前瞻性研究  

A prospective study on the incidence and influencing factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus in rural population in Xinjiang

作　　者：乔政 马儒林[1] 郭恒[1] 张向辉[1] 何佳[1] 王馨平 木拉提别克·克尔曼 郭淑霞[1] QIAO Zheng;MA Rulin;GUO Heng;ZHANG Xianghui;HE Jia;WANG Xinping;MULATIBIEKE Keerman;GUO Shuxia(Department of Preventive Medicine,School of Medicine,Shihezi University,Shihezi 832000,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学医学院预防医学系,石河子832000

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2024年第11期1316-1320,1354,共6页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81560551)。

摘　　要：目的探究新疆维吾尔自治区农村人群2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)发病情况及影响因素,对比维吾尔族和哈萨克族人群T2DM影响因素的差异,为该地区人群开展有针对性的T2DM预防措施提供依据。方法选择2010年和2016年新疆维吾尔自治区2个具有代表性的地区,对研究对象进行问卷调查、体格检查和血液样本采集。于2013—2017年对哈萨克族进行随访调查,于2019—2022年对维吾尔族进行随访调查,以随访满5年的人群作为研究对象。采用Cox比例风险模型评估影响因素与T2DM事件发病风险之间的关联。结果共纳入5714名研究对象,其中3304名维吾尔族和2410名哈萨克族研究对象,随访期间新发T2DM分别为428例和165例,累积发病率分别为13.0%、6.8%;两组人群的常见危险因素包括年龄增长、T2DM家族史、肥胖、高血压、三酰甘油(triglyceride,TG)异常。低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)异常和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)异常是维吾尔族人群T2DM特有的危险因素,男性、超重和总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)异常是哈萨克族人群T2DM特有的危险因素。结论维吾尔族人群T2DM发病率高于哈萨克族,两民族T2DM发病因素及其关联强度均有一定差异,针对不同生活方式和民族特点,应开展相应的T2DM防控措施。Objective This study aims to explore the incidence and influencing factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)among rural populations in Xinjiang,comparing risk factors between the Uyghur and Kazakh ethnic groups and proposing targeted prevention measures.Methods Two representative regions in the Xinjiang were selected for questionnaire surveys,physical exams,and blood sample collection from the study subjects in 2010 and 2016,with follow-up studies from 2013 to 2017(Kazakh)and 2019 to 2022(Uyghur),Populations with a follow-up period of at least 5 years were selected as the study subjects.The Cox proportional hazards regression model was employed to assess the relationship between influencing factors and the risk of T2DM.Results The study included a total of 5714 participants,including 3304 Uygur ethnic group participants and 2410 Kazakh ethnic group participants.During the follow-up period,428 new cases of T2DM were reported in the Uygur group and 165 new cases in the Kazakh group.The cumulative incidence of new-onset T2DM was 13.0% in the Uyghur population,higher than the 6.8% in the Kazakh population.Common risk factors for both groups include older age,family history of T2DM,obesity,hypertension,and abnormal triglycerides(TG).Additional risk factors specific to the Uyghur group are abnormal LDL-C and HDL-C,while those specific to the Kazakh group include male,being overweight,and abnormal total cholesterol(TC).Conclusions T2DM incidence is higher among the Uyghur population than the Kazakh population.There are notable differences in the incidence factors and correlation strengths of T2DM between the two ethnic groups.Given the varying lifestyles and ethnic characteristics,it is essential to implement tailored prevention and control measures for T2DM.

关 键 词：农村人群 2型糖尿病 前瞻性研究 

分 类 号：R195.4[医药卫生—卫生统计学]