生态环境法典编纂背景下损害担责原则的体系定位与立法表达  

The Systematic Positioning and Legislative Expression of the Principle of Liability for Damages in the Context of the Compilation of the Ecological Environment Code

作　　者：冯汝[1] FENG Ru(Tianjin Normal University)

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学法学院

出　　处：《华中科技大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第6期105-113,126,共10页Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“环境损害担责原则的适用研究”(20CFX066)。

摘　　要：从发展历程与立法本意来看,损害担责原则的实质内涵应为行为人造成或可能造成环境污染、生态破坏或资源枯竭等损害后果的,应当承担防止和减少损害、环境税费缴纳、环境治理和修复、损害赔偿和受惩罚的法律义务。损害担责原则应与生态优先原则、公众参与原则相互配合,共同体现环境正义的价值导向,并成为环境法的基本原则。在生态环境法典总则中应以独立的条款将该原则规定为“原因者负担原则”,并对其内涵进行明确界定。在各分编中应在“一般规定”部分对该原则进行细化展开,形成“污染者负担,致因者担责;开发者保护,破坏者修复;使用者付费,生产者回收;排放者治理,受益者补偿”的完整体系。From the development process and legislative intention,the substantive connotation of the principle of liability for damages should be that enterprises,institutions,the general public,and other entities that cause or may cause environmental pollution,ecological damage,or resource depletion should bear the legal obligations of preventing and minimizing damages,paying environmental taxes,environmental management and restoration,compensation for damage,and being punished.The principle of liability for damages should coordinated with the principles of ecology priority and public participation,jointly reflecting the value orientation of environmental justice and constituting the basic principles of environmental law.In the General Principles of the Ecological Environment Code,an independent clause should be established to define this principle as the“burden of the cause”principle and its connotation should be clearly defined.The principle should be further elaborated in the general provisions section of each sub section,forming a complete system of“polluters bear the burden and causer take the responsibility;developers protect and disruptors restore;users pay,producers recycle;Emitter management,beneficiaries compensate”.

关 键 词：生态环境法典 损害担责原则 环境正义 基本原则 

分 类 号：D922.68[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]