家务劳动社会属性的法理阐释与制度构造  

Jurisprudential Interpretation and Institutional Construction of the Social Attributes of Domestic Work

作　　者：王素芬[1] 付浩然 WANG Su-fen;FU Hao-ran(Liaoning University)

机构地区：[1]辽宁大学法学院

出　　处：《华中科技大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第6期127-137,共11页Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“人口增长趋势的经济社会影响及应对研究”(22&ZD195);辽宁省教育厅重点攻关项目“数字时代社会救助程序的法治化研究”(LJKZR20220008);辽宁省法学会一般项目“育儿成本社会化分担法律机制研究”(LNFXH2023B023)。

摘　　要：在社会发展与变迁过程中,家务劳动始终是一个重要话题。当前家务劳动者的权益未能得到有效保障,其面临着照护者津贴制度缺失、养老保险权益难以有效累积以及离婚与丧偶情形下的老年贫困风险等现实困境。法理上,家务劳动兼具私益与公益的双重属性;家庭作为我国社会的基本单位,认可家务劳动具有社会属性应以强化传统家庭连带关系为价值取向;通过家务劳动的“有偿化”以及基于社会衡平理念来对社会保险制度进行革新,可实现对家务劳动社会属性的法律认可。鉴于此,有必要从构建照护者津贴制度、确立育儿期间保费视同缴纳的机制,以及引入基于派生养老金权利的养老保险等三个方面出发,进行规范再造,以此实现对家务劳动者权益的有效保障。In the process of social development and change,domestic work have always been an important issue.The rights and interests of domestic workers have not been effectively protected,and they face realistic difficulties such as the lack of caregiver allowance system,difficulty in effectively accumulating pension insurance rights,and the risk of elderly poverty in divorce and widowhood situations.At the jurisprudential level,domestic work has the dual attributes of private and public interest.As the basic unit of Chinese society,recognizing the social attributes of domestic work should be based on strengthening traditional family relationships.By making domestic work more compensated and reforming the social insurance system based on the concept of social equity,legal recognition of the social attributes of domestic work can be achieved.In view of this,it is necessary to carry out standardized reconstruction from three aspects:constructing a caregiver allowance system,establishing a mechanism for treating premiums during childcare as payment,and introducing pension insurance based on derived pension rights,so that the rights and interests of domestic workers can ultimately be effectively safeguarded.

关 键 词：家务劳动 照护者津贴 派生养老金 少子高龄化 

分 类 号：D923.9[政治法律—民商法学] C913.6[政治法律—法学]