国家重点生态功能区转移支付的效应评估——基于经济发展、公共服务供给与生态环境治理视角  

Effect evaluation of transfer payments in national key ecological functional areas:based on the perspectives of economic development,public service supply,and ecological environment governance

作　　者：陈帅 王智鹏 侯孟阳 刘烁华 张晓[2] 姚顺波 CHEN Shuai;WANG Zhipeng;HOU Mengyang;LIU Shuohua;ZHANG Xiao;YAO Shunbo(School of Economics,Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics,Nanchang Jiangxi 330013,China;School of Economics and Management,Northwest A&F University,Yangling Shaanxi 712100,China;School of Economics and Management,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang Jiangxi 330045,China;School of Economics,Hebei University,Baoding Hebei 071000,China;School of Digital Economics and Trade,Guangzhou Huashang College,Guangzhou Guangdong 511300,China)

机构地区：[1]江西财经大学经济学院,江西南昌330013 [2]西北农林科技大学经济与管理学院,陕西杨凌712100 [3]江西农业大学经济管理学院,江西南昌330045 [4]河北大学经济学院,河北保定071000 [5]广州华商学院数字经贸学院,广东广州511300

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2024年第10期125-136,共12页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目“高质量发展背景下粮食主产区耕地生态集约利用的影响机理及调控政策研究”(批准号:42201294);“异质性环境规制对减污降碳协同增效的影响:作用机理、效应评估与路径优化”(批准号:72303055);江西省社会科学基金项目“‘双碳’背景下江西生态产品价值实现机制及其多元实现路径研究”(批准号:22YJ34)。

摘　　要：国家重点生态功能区转移支付旨在改善区域民生、治理生态环境,目前多数研究将其视为准自然实验来探究政策的有效性,却忽视了对国家重点生态功能区转移支付规模产生的效应进行深入研究。该研究基于2010—2020年中国县域面板数据,分析了其生态转移支付规模对于经济发展、公共服务与生态环境的影响,识别地方政府在其自身要素禀赋和发展理念驱动下的策略选择。研究发现:(1)国家重点生态功能区转移支付作为一种激励性政策,具有提升区域经济发展、公共服务水平以及环境质量的效应,对于生态资源质量的提升未能产生显著影响,该结论经过一系列稳定性检验后仍旧成立。(2)随着东部地区人口规模增加与城镇化进程加快,其转移支付规模对于提升东部经济发展与公共服务的效应强于中西部,但改善环境质量的效应要弱于中西部区域。生态转移支付规模越大,改善生态环境与促进经济发展的效应越强。(3)对于财政缺口较大与工业发展缓慢的地区,地方政府加速自身经济发展的积极性更强,生态转移支付更倾向用于经济发展或公共设施上,而在高度工业化地区,其转移支付规模改善环境质量的作用更为显著。当生态保护所获得的收益不足以弥补因经济开发所产生的成本,这可能诱致地方政府对于生态转移支付的“反向激励”,生态环境治理将陷入“杯水车薪”的局面。Transfer payments in the national key ecological functional areas in China have the dual goals of improving people's livelihoods and governing the ecological environment.Existing research often treats this as a quasi-natural experiment to assess policy effectiveness,but it tends to overlook detailed examinations of the scale effect of transfer payments in such areas.Using panel data from Chinese counties from 2010 to 2020,this study examined the impact of ecological transfer payment scale on economic development,public services,and ecological environment and identified the strategic choices of local governments based on their own factor endowments and development concepts.The results showed that:(1) As an incentive policy,transfer payments in national key ecological functional areas had the effect of improving economic development,public service levels,and environmental quality.However,it had no significant impact on improving ecological resources.This conclusion remained robust after undergoing a series of stability tests.(2) With the growing population and rapid urbanization in the eastern region,the scale of transfer payments demonstrated a more pronounced effect on economic development and public service provision in the east compared to the central and western regions.However,its impact on enhancing environmental quality was weaker in the east than that in the central and western regions.In addition,the higher the scale of ecological transfer payments,the stronger the effect on improving the ecological environment and enhancing economic development.(3) In regions with significant fiscal gaps and sluggish industrial development,local governments were more motivated to expedite their economic growth.Consequently,ecological transfer payments were often directed towards economic development or public infrastructure projects.In highly industrialized areas,the magnitude of transfer payments played a more pronounced role in enhancing environmental quality.However,when the benefits accrued from ecological protection

关 键 词：生态转移支付 经济发展 公共服务 生态环境 制度属性 

分 类 号：F062.2[经济管理—政治经济学]