韧性与效率协同视角下旅游生态系统评估  

Assessment of the tourism ecosystem from the perspective of the synergistic relationship between resilience and efficiency

作　　者：李志远 冯学钢[1] 何静[1] 左文俊 夏赞才[3] LI Zhiyuan;FENG Xuegang;HE Jing;ZUO Wenjun;XIA Zancai(School of Economics and Management,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China;Graduate School of Economics and Management,Ural Federal University,Yekaterinburg 620002,Russia;Tourism College,Hunan Normal University,Changsha Hunan 410081,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学经济与管理学院,上海200062 [2]乌拉尔联邦大学高等经济与管理学院,俄罗斯叶卡捷琳堡620002 [3]湖南师范大学旅游学院,湖南长沙410081

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2024年第10期150-159,共10页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“文化和旅游融合发展市场主体建设研究”(批准号:19ZD25)。

摘　　要：韧性与效率的协同关系是评估旅游生态系统迈向可持续发展与生态文明建设新路径的重要表征。该研究以2006—2020年中国31省域为研究对象,运用哈肯模型、标准差椭圆、克里金差值及障碍度模型等方法,测度并分析了旅游生态韧性与效率的协同水平、时空演化特征及障碍因子。结果表明:(1)旅游生态韧性是主导系统协同演化的序参量,中国整体旅游生态韧性及效率水平有所提升。(2)东部旅游生态系统富有发展活力,韧性与效率呈现优质协同;中部协同水平有所提升,但旅游产业对生态环境胁迫效应明显;西部及东北协同水平滞后,存在韧性与效率错配现象。(3)优质及中等协同地区数量增加且集聚化增强,初级协同及系统失调地区数量减少;规模要素不断向中、西部聚集,协同水平呈现从“东部极核突出”到“东、中、西连片崛起”再到“东南向西北逐层降低”的空间演化格局。(4)产业发展及绿色环境是核心障碍因素,旅游发展动能的阻滞影响逐渐显现。东部亟待加强旅游产业地位;中部需提升旅游发展效益,坚持创新驱动发展战略;西部及东北应协调旅游业推进与生态保护的关系。The synergistic relationship between resilience and efficiency is an important symbol to evaluate the new paths of the tourism ecosystem towards sustainable development and ecological civilization construction.Taking 31 provinces in China from 2006 to 2020 as the research object,this study used the methods of the Haken model,standard deviation ellipse,Kriging interpolation,and obstacle degree model to measure and analyze the level of synergy,spatio-temporal evolution characteristics,and obstacle factors between resilience and efficiency in the tourism ecosystem.The results showed that:(1) Resilience in the tourism ecosystem was the order parameter that led the system's synergistic evolution,and the overall resilience and efficiency in China's tourism ecosystem experienced an improvement.(2) The tourism ecosystem in eastern China was full of vitality,and its resilience and efficiency showed high-quality synergy.The synergy level of China's central region improved,but the tourism industry had an obvious stress effect on the ecological environment.The synergy level of the western and northeastern regions lagged behind,and there was a mismatch between resilience and efficiency.(3) The number of high-quality and medium synergy areas increased,and the agglomeration was enhanced,while the number of primary synergy and system imbalance areas decreased.The scale elements continued to gather in the central and western regions,and the synergy level presented a spatial evolution pattern of ‘a polar core prominence in the eastern area,' ‘a contiguous rise in the eastern,central,and western areas,' and then ‘a layer-by-layer decline from southeast to northwest.'(4) Industrial development and the green environment were the core obstacle factors,and the impact brought by the block of tourism development momentum was gradually emerging.Therefore,it is urgent to strengthen the status of tourism industry in eastern China,enhance the efficiency of tourism development and adhere to the innovation-driven strategy in its central

关 键 词：旅游生态系统 旅游生态韧性 旅游生态效率 协同水平 哈肯模型 障碍因子 

分 类 号：F592.99[经济管理—旅游管理]