卵黄抗体在动物疾病防控中应用的研究进展  

Research Progress on The Application of Egg Yolk Antibody in The Prevention and Control of Animal Diseases

作　　者：刘晓霜 王禹程[1] 周翔宇 黄六容[1] 马海乐[1] 李云亮[1] LIU Xiaoshuang;WANG Yucheng;ZHOU Xiangyu;HUANG Liurong;MA Haile;LI Yunliang(School of Food and Biological Engineering,Jiangsu University,Jiangsu Zhenjiang 212013,China;Xia Wei Guo Peptide Technology Development Co.,Ltd.,Jiangsu Zhenjiang 212013,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏大学食品与生物工程学院,江苏镇江212013 [2]镇江夏为国肽科技发展有限公司,江苏镇江212013

出　　处：《饲料工业》2024年第23期145-151,共7页Feed Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目[31701538]。

摘　　要：卵黄抗体(IgY)是指从免疫禽蛋卵黄中提取的免疫球蛋白,是一种极具潜力的抗生素替代品。文章基于近年来卵黄抗体作为免疫生物学试剂在被动免疫治疗上的应用,对卵黄抗体的免疫功能特性及在动物疾病防治方面应用的文献进行了梳理。相较于抗生素、疫苗和常见哺乳动物抗体,卵黄抗体具有无创采集、性质稳定、成本低廉、纯化简便、安全性高、假阳性低、交叉反应少、不产生耐药性等特点,不仅可作为特异性抗体防治胃肠道、呼吸道、口腔疾病及寄生虫感染和过敏等,还可用于狂犬病毒的检测及治疗等。未来可就卵黄抗体在各类家畜、宠物及野生动物疾病诊断及被动免疫上的应用及其作用机理等展开深入研究,进一步拓展卵黄抗体在动物疾病防治中的应用。Egg yolk antibody(IgY)refers to immunoglobulin extracted from the immune egg yolk of poultry,which is a potential substitute for antibiotics.Based on the application of IgY as immunological reagents in passive immunotherapy in recent years,this article reviewed the literatures related to the immunological properties of IgY and its application in animal disease prevention and treatment.It pointed out that compared with antibiotics,vaccines and common mammalian antibodies,IgY has the characteristics of non-invasive collection,stable property,low cost,simple purification,high safety,low false positive,less cross reaction,non-resistance and so on.It could be used not only as specific antibodies to prevent and treat gastrointestinal tract,respiratory tract,oral diseases,parasitic infection and allergy,but also for the detection and treatment of rabies virus.In the future,further research can be conducted on the applications of IgY in the diagnosis or passive immunization of various livestock,pets,and wildlife diseases,as well as its mechanisms of action.This will further expand the use of IgY in the prevention and treatment of animal diseases.

关 键 词：卵黄抗体 动物疾病 被动免疫 疾病防控 抗生素替代品 

分 类 号：S873[农业科学—畜牧兽医]