现行国际航空法对空间物体发射与再入活动的规制  

The Regulation of Launch and Re‑entry Activities of Space Objects under the Current International Air Law

作　　者：苏金远 夏新越 SU Jinyuan;XIA Xinyue

机构地区：[1]武汉大学国际法研究所 [2]武汉大学法学院

出　　处：《南京航空航天大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第6期36-44,共9页Journal of Nanjing University of Aeronautics AND Astronautics（Social Sciences）

摘　　要：空间物体发射与再入活动受自由探索和利用外空原则保护。空间物体经过空气空间,对民用航空产生影响。当前国际民用航空法律规范对空间物体发射与再入活动规制不足,缺乏有拘束力的具体规范,而建立新规范存在法律文件位阶过低、立法进程较为迟缓、国际组织职能不足、不同法域下义务各有侧重等问题。空间物体发射与再入活动的规制,应在国际民用航空组织(ICAO)框架内外并行推进。在ICAO框架内,应强化《国际民用航空公约》附件中协调义务的解释与适用,细化协调义务的规范要求。在ICAO框架外,应当寻求建立新型议题的适格讨论场域,促进国家在多边层面达成更广泛共识。The launch and re-entry of space objects are protected by the principle of free exploration and use of outer space.The passage of space objects through airspace has an impact on civil aviation.While legally binding rules under the international civil aviation law remain insufficient in regulating such activities,the development of new norms also faces several challenges,including the low level of hierarchy of relevant documents,slow legislative process,inadequate functioning of international organizations,and different emphasis on obligations under different legal domains.To this end,the regulation of launch and re-entry activities of space objects should be promoted both within and outside the International Civil Aviation Organization(ICAO)framework.Within the framework,the interpretation and application of coordination obligations stipulated in the Annexes to the Convention on International Civil Aviation should be strengthened,and regulatory requirements for coordination obligations should be refined.Outside the framework,a qualified forum for discussion of new issues should be established to promote broader multilateral consensus among states.

关 键 词：空间物体 发射 再入 民航安全 国际民用航空组织 

分 类 号：D993.4[政治法律—国际法学]