《北京公约》对民用航空犯罪的突破和我国刑法的应对  

The Breakthrough of Civil Aviation Offences under the Beijing Convention and the Response of China’s Criminal Law

作　　者：刘耀彬[1] LIU Yaobin

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学人文与社会科学学院

出　　处：《南京航空航天大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第6期45-53,共9页Journal of Nanjing University of Aeronautics AND Astronautics（Social Sciences）

摘　　要：《北京公约》中增加了非法运输危险物质罪和非法藏匿运输逃犯罪。两罪的设立是对国际航空安保公约基本宗旨的突破,立法之时也存在争议。风险社会理论对民用航空犯罪有很大影响,主要体现在犯罪圈扩张、法益保护提前、预备行为实行化和共犯行为正犯化。两罪的设立主要是共犯行为正犯化的体现。我国有非法制造、买卖、运输、储存危险物质罪和走私核材料、走私国家禁止进出口的货物、物品罪与非法运输危险物质罪相衔接,部分不能衔接的,应以共同犯罪理论解决。关于非法藏匿运输逃犯罪,我国只能以窝藏罪和包庇罪来应对,但要增加单位犯罪的规定。The offences of illegally transporting hazardous substances and unlawfully harboring and transporting fugitive criminals have been added to the Beijing Convention.The establishment of these two new offences represents a breakthrough in the basic aim of international aviation security conventions and have sparked debate during the legislative process.The theory of risk society has a significant impact on civil aviation offences,mainly reflected in expanding criminal circles,advancing protection of legal interests,implementing preparatory actions,and making the accomplice principal offender.The creation of the two crimes primarily reflects the trend of treating the preparation act as the perpetrating act.In China,crimes including illegal manufacturing,trading,transporting or storing dangerous substances,as well as the crimes of smuggling nuclear materials,goods and items prohibited by the state from import and export,are connected with the offence of illegally transporting hazardous substances.If some cannot be connected,they should be solved by using the theory of joint crimes.Regarding the offence of unlawfully harboring and transporting fugitive criminals,China can only respond with the crime of harboring and covering up a criminal,but it is necessary to add new regulations on unit crimes.

关 键 词：非法运输危险物质罪 非法藏匿运输逃犯罪 风险社会 帮助行为正犯化 

分 类 号：D924[政治法律—刑法学]