行政裁量基准适用的实践检视与纾解路径  

Practical Review and Relief Path for the Application of Administrative Discretion Standard

作　　者：宋雅婷 SONG Yating

机构地区：[1]武汉大学法学院

出　　处：《南京航空航天大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第6期62-70,共9页Journal of Nanjing University of Aeronautics AND Astronautics（Social Sciences）

摘　　要：行政裁量基准是控制和规范行政裁量权的重要法律制度。然而在实践中,行政裁量基准的适用存在机械适用导致个案不正义、直接适用减损相对人的程序权益、法院对待行政裁量基准适用的审查态度相异等问题。因此,需要明确行政裁量基准的本质是法律规范具体化,其对行政机关及行政相对人的效力只是一种相对性效力。应当配备灵活而严格的逸脱适用机制,将充分说理作为行政裁量基准适用的硬性要求,并明确先审查行政裁量基准自身再审查行政裁量基准适用的二阶审查模式,从而有效纾解行政裁量基准的适用问题。The administrative discretion standard serves as a crucial legal system for controlling and regulating administrative discretion.However,in practice,several problems arise in its application including mechanical application leading to case injustice,direct application diminishing procedural rights and interests of the counterpart,and inconsistent review attitudes of the courts towards the application of the administrative discretion standard.To this end,it is imperative to make clear that the administrative discretion standard in nature is the concretization of legal norms,exercising only relative effectiveness over both administrative organs and counterparts.To effectively address these problems in the application,it is necessary to implement flexible and rigorous escape mechanisms,establish comprehensive reasoning as a mandatory requirement for applying the discretion standard,and adopt a two-tier review model that first examines the validity of the standard before reviewing its application.

关 键 词：行政裁量基准 行政裁量权 正当程序 基准逸脱 司法审查 

分 类 号：D922.1[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]