基于语料库的语言使用实态中汉语核心离合词用法研究  

A Corpus-Based Study of the Usage of Chinese Core Separable Words in the Use of Language

作　　者：李长浩 LI Changhao

机构地区：[1]厦门大学中国语言文学系

出　　处：《世界华文教学》2024年第2期118-144,共27页

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“面向国际中文教育的常用词用法知识资源建设与智能信息检索平台研究”(项目编号:22AYY014)资助。

摘　　要：现代汉语核心离合词具有典型性,本文在前人研究基础上归纳出9个核心离合词,利用现汉本体语料库、中介语语料库考察母语者和二语者的使用、学习特点。研究发现,在母语者方面,核心离合词当下使用实态以合用为主;具体使用上,虽经常离用且较灵活,但常用插入形式集中于少数类型。在二语者方面,通过对中介语语料统计分析发现,二语者对核心离合词的运用、掌握与母语者差异明显,即对离散形式的掌握较薄弱,具体表现是多为简单、短小插入成分,运用复杂离散形式的能力不高,偏误类型较集中等。通过考察母语者和二语者对核心离合词的使用,可揭示其使用实态,推动本体研究和教学;同时也可进一步克服离合词习得薄弱点、偏误,助力国际中文教育。The core separable words are typical words in modern Chinese.Based on previous studies,the article identifies nine core separable words,and uses the BCC corpus,CCL corpus and“HSK dynamic composition corpus”to investigate the usage and learning situation of thr core separable words by native Chinese speakers and non-native Chinese speakers.The study finds that,for native speakers,the core separable words are still mainly not separated,which is the main usage pattern today;in terms of separated usage,the article summarises the different types of core words insertion forms.From the perspective of Chinese as second language learners,by dealing with and analyzing Chinese learners interlanguage corpus,the artical finds that the learners have a weak grasp of separable forms,as shown by the fact that they are mostly simple and short insertion components,learners’ability to use complex discrete forms is also low,and the types of errors are more concentrated,etc.By examining the use of Chinese core separable words by native speakers and Chinese as second language speakers,we can not only reveal the current usage of core separable words,but also help promote ontology research and the ICLE of separable words.

关 键 词：核心离合词 使用实态 离散情况 插入成分 国际中文教育 

分 类 号：H195.3[语言文字—汉语]