无定形Ca/Mg碳酸盐凝胶制备及其在去除多种水体污染物中的应用  

Synthesis of amorphous Ca/Mg carbonate gel and its application in removal of various water pollutants

作　　者：朱建华[1,2] 王晨 ZHU Jianhua;WANG Chen(Key Laboratory of Metallurgical Emission Reduction&Resources Recycling(Anhui University of Technology),Ministry of Education,Ma’anshan 243002;Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Metallurgical Emission Reduction,Anhui University of Technology,Ma’anshan 243002)

机构地区：[1]安徽工业大学冶金减排与资源综合利用教育部重点实验室,马鞍山243002 [2]安徽工业大学冶金工程与资源综合利用安徽省重点实验室,马鞍山243002

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2024年第12期156-169,共14页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：安徽省自然科学基金(No.2308085MB66)。

摘　　要：无定形凝胶在污染物去除领域具有潜在应用价值,但也存在制备成本高、性能不稳定等不足,致使其广泛应用受到限制.本研究借助气相扩散法在常温条件下合成了无定形Ca/Mg凝胶,该碳酸盐凝胶具有三维交联网状结构,比表面积较大且孔隙率高,表现出优异的吸附性能.研究显示,制备的CM_(1/2)凝胶对NH_(4)^(+)和PO_(4)^(3-)都表现出较高的吸附能力,并且在N和P双吸附时效果最佳,对P的最大吸附量为196 mg·g^(-1),对N的最大吸附量为80.7 mg·g^(-1).制备的钙镁凝胶的吸附效果远高于纯镁凝胶的吸附效果(q_(max(P))=84 mg·g^(-1),q_(max(N))=38 mg·g^(-1)),这与矿化过程中形成了磷酸氢钙,能够使体系p H稳定在鸟粪石形成的最佳沉淀区间有关.且CM_(1/2)湿胶可直接用于污染物的吸附,显示出超高的磷吸附容量(244 mg·g^(-1))及快速的反应动力学.此外,该凝胶对Cu(II)、Co(II)、Ni(II)和TC也表现出较高的吸附能力.Amorphous gels are widely used in the fields of contaminant removals.But for a long time,their applications are so limited due to the high costs and unstable performance.A new type of Ca/Mg carbonate gel was synthesized by the gas diffusion method at room temperature.The amorphous gel is mainly composed of three-dimensional cross-linked network with large specific surface area and high porosity,showing excellent adsorption performance.Research has shown that CM_(1/2)exhibits high adsorption capacity for NH_(4)^(+)and PO_(4)^(3-),and the best effect is achieved during N and P dual adsorption,with a maximum adsorption capacity of 196 mg·g^(-1)for P and 80.7 mg·g^(-1)for N.Moreover,the adsorption effect of this calcium magnesium gel is much higher than that of pure magnesium gel CM_(0)(q_(max(P))=84 mg·g^(-1),q_(max(N))=38 mg·g^(-1)),which is because the calcium ion in the gel can form calcium hydrophosphate and stabilize the p H values in the optimal precipitation range of the main product guano stone,thus increasing the adsorption capacity.Moreover,CM_(1/2)wet gel can directly adsorb pollutants,demonstrating a high adsorption capacity for P(244 mg·g^(-1))and fast reaction kinetics.In addition,the gel also showed high adsorption capacity for Cu(II),Co(II),Ni(II)and TC.

关 键 词：无定形碳酸盐 吸附动力学 吸附等温线 多用途无机凝胶 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]