风化煤固定化微生物修复弱碱性铅污染土壤的效果及机制  

Effect and mechanism of weathered coal immobilized microbe in remediating lead contaminated weak alkaline soil

作　　者：李建华 庞黛 焦子乐 李林 张强[1] 陈潇晶 卢晋晶 郜春花 徐明岗 LI Jianhua;PANG Dai;JIAO Zile;LI Lin;ZHANG Qiang;CHEN Xiaojing;LU Jinjing;GAO Chunhua;XU Minggang(Soil Health Laboratory of Shanxi Province,Institute of Eco-environment and Industrial Technology,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan 030031;College of Resources and Environment,Shanxi Agricultural University,Jinzhong 030801)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学生态环境产业技术研究院,土壤健康山西省实验室,太原030031 [2]山西农业大学资源与环境学院,晋中030801

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2024年第12期369-379,共11页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：山西省自然科学研究面上项目(No.202103021224137);山西农业大学博士科研启动项目(No.2021BQ48);国家重点研发计划(No.2020YFC1806504-03)。

摘　　要：以风化煤为原料,经交联改性制成固定化载体,联合高效耐铅的功能菌株得到了一种风化煤固定化微生物(WC-MI).通过土壤培养实验研究了WC-MI添加对铅污染土壤的修复效果及其钝化机制,结果表明:WC-MI可使土壤中DTPA可提取态铅含量显著降低38.5%,TCLP可提取态铅含量显著降低8.2%;WC-MI添加下弱酸提取态铅占比下降了14%,残渣态铅占比提高了18%;WC-MI修复56 d后,土壤有机质含量、阳离子交换量和电导率分别提高了556%、30%和60%;WC-MI对土壤铅的钝化机制主要包括表面官能团(C-OH、C=O、-COOH、-NH2)与Pb(II)之间的离子交换、络合、沉淀及物理吸附作用.WC-MI在修复铅污染土壤和改善土壤肥力方面具有较高的应用潜力.A weathered coal-immobilized microbial material(WC-MI)was used to remediate lead-contaminated weak alkaline soil through an incubation experiment.The results showed that the addition of WC-MI caused a decrease of DTPA extractable lead by 38.5%,TCLP extractable lead in by 8.2%,and weak-acid extractable lead by 14%,but an increase of stable residual lead by 18%.The application of WC-MI can also increase the content of soil electric conductivity,cation exchange capacity and organic matter by 60%,30%and 556%,respectively,after 56 days.The passivation of lead by WC-MI is mainly attributable to complexation,precipitation and adsorption of Pb(II),in association with surface functional groups(C-OH,C=O,-COOH,-NH2).This study indicates that WC-MI has high potential in remediating lead-contaminated soils,and improving soil structure and fertility.

关 键 词：铅污染土壤 固定化微生物 风化煤 修复效果 修复机制 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]