基于皮肤擦拭采样的餐饮从业人群PBDEs皮肤暴露评估  

Evaluating dermal exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers among food service workers based on skin wipe sampling

作　　者：郭建[1,2] 罗孝俊 曾艳红[2] 麦碧娴 GUO Jian;LUO Xiaojun;ZENG Yanhong;MAI Bixian(Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology,Maoming 525000;State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Resources Utilization and Protection,Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510640)

机构地区：[1]广东石油化工学院,茂名525000 [2]中国科学院广州地球化学研究所,有机地球化学国家重点实验室,广东省资源环境利用与保护重点实验室,广州510640

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2024年第12期426-434,共9页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.U23A2056,42277267);广东省基础与应用基础研究重大项目(No.2023B0303000007);广东省科技计划项目(No.2023B1212060049);茂名市科技计划项目(No.2024041);广东石油化工学院校级科研项目(博士启动类)(No.2023bsqd2015)。

摘　　要：以华南某城市的30名高校食堂餐饮从业人员(男女各半)作为样本,采集裸露皮肤部位(额头、手掌)和衣物遮蔽皮肤部位(前臂、小腿)的擦拭样品,通过气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)测定了样品中13种多溴联苯醚(PBDEs)的含量并计算暴露剂量.研究发现,13种PBDEs在所有样品中均有不同程度的检出率(4.2%~91%),表现为Deca-BDE(73%)>Octa-BDE(66%)>Penta-BDE(38%);男性样品的PBDEs平均检出频率(57%)高于女性(46%).所有样品的PBDEs浓度范围为1.7~3915 ng·m^(-2),不同采样皮肤部位间的PBDEs浓度差异显著(p<0.0001),表现为额头>手掌>前臂>小腿.皮肤暴露剂量(DAD_(derm))和手-口接触暴露剂量(DAD_(oral))的范围分别为1.9×10^(-4)~0.026和0.014~1.0 ng·kg^(-1)·d^(-1),头颈部是DAD_(derm)贡献率最高的皮肤部位(77%).尽管女性的DAD_(derm)和DAD_(oral)均高于男性,但差异不显著(p>0.05).健康风险评价结果表明,所有样本的皮肤及手-口接触致癌风险均处于可接受水平范围(<10^(-4)),但女性的手-口接触致癌风险相对较高.This study provides a detailed analysis of exposure to 13 polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs)among 30 university catering staff members(balanced gender distribution)in southern China.The sampling was performed by wipe tests on both skin regions exposed to air and skin regions covered by clothing,specifically,the forehead,palms,forearms,and calves.Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)analysis assessed the concentration levels of PBDEs and quantified the exposure dosages.PBDEs,including deca-BDE(73%),octa-BDE(66%),and pentaBDE(38%),were detected at varying rates(4.2%to 91%)in all samples.Male participants showed a higher average detection frequency(57%)than female participants(46%).Notably,concentrations of PBDEs showed significant variance,ranging from 1.7 to 3915 ng·m^(-2),with marked differences between different skin sampling areas(p<0.0001).Dermal exposure doses(DAD_(derm))ranged from 1.9×10^(-4)to 0.026 ng·kg^(-1)·d^(-1),and hand-to-mouth exposure doses(DAD_(oral))ranged from 0.014 to 1.0 ng·kg^(-1)·d^(-1).The head and neck area contributed significantly(77%)to the total DAD_(derm).Although women exhibited higher DAD_(derm)and DAD_(oral)levels than men,these differences were not statistically significant(p>0.05).Comprehensive health risk assessments confirmed that both dermal and hand-to-mouth exposure to PBDEs remained within acceptable carcinogenic risk thresholds(<10^(-4)),with females showing marginally higher hand-to-mouth carcinogenic risks.

关 键 词：餐饮从业人群 多溴联苯醚 皮肤暴露 健康风险 

分 类 号：X503.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]