时频域保幅面波压制方法  

Amplitude-preserving surface wave suppression method in time-frequency domain

作　　者：邬世英 WU Shiying(College of Geophysics and Petroleum Resources,Yangtze University,Wuhan,Hubei 430100,China;Key Laboratory of Exploration Technologies for Oil and Gas Resources(Yangtze University),Ministry of Education,Wuhan,Hubei 430100,China)

机构地区：[1]长江大学地球物理与石油资源学院,湖北武汉430100 [2]油气资源与勘探技术教育部重点实验室(长江大学),湖北武汉430100

出　　处：《石油地球物理勘探》2024年第6期1244-1251,共8页Oil Geophysical Prospecting

摘　　要：陆上勘探中面波是常见干扰波之一,面波压制的保幅效果对后续资料处理具有较大影响。传统的面波压制方法很难在有效保护反射波的情况下对面波进行精确压制。由于面波具有低速、低频、高振幅的特征,文中提出了一种基于Gabor变换的时频域保幅面波压制方法。首先,利用Gabor变换将地震道划分成若干个地震道片段,在地震道片段内根据面波和有效波振幅能量差异进行面波识别,从而实现时间域内面波和有效波精细分离;然后,在含有面波的地震道片段上采取频率域带通滤波,根据面波和有效波频率的差异进行面波压制;最后,利用Gabor反变换得到面波压制后的地震道。模型测试和实际数据处理表明,该方法在有效压制面波的同时,最大程度地保护了有效波的信息,提高了面波处理的保幅性。In onshore exploration,surface waves are one of the common interference,and the amplitude-preserving effect of surface wave suppression has a significant impact on subsequent data processing.The traditional surface wave suppression method is difficult to effectively suppress the surface wave while protecting the reflected wave.Based on the characteristics of surface waves,which have low speed,low frequency,and high amplitude,this paper proposes a time-frequency domain amplitude-preserving surface wave suppression method based on Gabor transform.Firstly,the seismic trace is divided into several segments using Gabor transform.Then,surface waves are identified in the seismic trace segments based on the difference in the amplitude energy between surface waves and effective waves,achieving a fine separation of surface waves and effective waves in the time domain.Finally,bandpass filtering is applied to the seismic trace segments containing surface waves in the frequency domain,and surface waves are suppressed based on the difference in frequency between surface waves and effective waves.The seismic trace after suppressing surface waves is obtained using Gabor inverse transform.Model tests and actual data processing show that this method effectively suppresses surface waves while protecting the information of effective waves to the greatest extent,improving the the amplitude preservation of surface wave processing.

关 键 词：面波压制 GABOR变换 保幅处理 时频域 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]